关于所有权的双重标准
Zofia Washington1, Ori Friedman1
1Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science
|February 27, 2025
概括
业主对糟糕的结果受到更多的指责,而不是对好结果的赞美,这表明道德责任的双重标准. 在赋予信誉和责怪方面这种不对称性会影响对所有权和权威的看法.
科学领域:
- 道德心理学道德心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
- 所有权研究 拥有权研究
背景情况:
- 业主经常被指责为他们的财产造成的伤害,但不经常被认为是积极的结果.
- 这表明在所有权关系中如何赋予道德责任方面存在潜在的双重标准.
研究的目的:
- 调查存在和性质的双重标准在赋予所有者与他们的财产的道德责任.
- 检查这种双重标准是否扩展到其他权威-下属关系.
主要方法:
- 三项预先注册的实验涉及746名美国居民.
- 参与者评估了所有者和代理财产 (如动物,机器人) 的道德责任,基于描述好或坏结果的片段.
- 在业主与财产,父母与子女,雇主与雇员关系中,责任分配的比较.
主要成果:
- 对于负面结果,业主比财产更受责备.
- 对于积极的结果,业主获得的赞誉明显低于财产,这证实了双重标准.
- 在父母与子女的关系中观察到双重标准,但在雇主与雇员的关系中没有.
结论:
- 在赋予道德责任方面存在一种新奇的不对称性,其中所有者对负面结果承担更多的责任,对积极结果的赞扬更少.
- 关于所有权的这种双重标准是特定的,并不普遍适用于所有权力下属的二元制.
- 研究结果强调了在关系背景下对责任的判断背后的细微心理过程.
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