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美国玉米带的Bt玉米根虫危害的教训

Ziwei Ye¹, Christina DiFonzo², David A Hennessy³

¹School of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|February 27, 2025

概括

过度种植转基因玉米的Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 毒素导致了害虫保护和经济损失的下降. 种子供应多样化对于可持续使用作物生物技术至关重要.

科学领域:

农业科学
昆虫学
生物技术

背景情况:

针对玉米根虫 (Diabrotica物种) 的转基因玉米被广泛使用.
人们担心昆虫对这些转基因作物的耐药性.
在这种转基因玉米中表达出Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 毒素.

研究的目的:

分析Bt玉米在时间上的有效性.
研究种植Bt玉米与根虫耐药性的关系.
评估使用Bt玉米的经济影响.

主要方法:

分析了12年的大学实地试验数据.
对10个美国玉米带州的农场调查数据进行了检查.
种植趋势,害虫压力和作物保护的相关性分析.

主要成果:

随着种植增加,Bt玉米对根虫养的保护性下降.
随着Bt玉米的采用增加,害虫压力也随之下降.
过度种植Bt玉米造成了巨大的经济损失,

结论:

广泛使用Bt玉米导致对玉米根虫的疗效降低.
目前的种植策略可能是不可持续的.
为了保护作物生物技术资源,建议采取更多多样化和透明的种子供应方式.

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