痴呆症知识的差距:关于保加利亚公众意识和误解的全国性研究
Sophia Lazarova1, Dessislava Petrova-Antonova1,2
1GATE Institute, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", Sofia, Bulgaria.
概括
保加利亚成年人对痴呆症的了解很差,对其原因和风险因素有很多误解. 迫切需要改善公众教育和宣传,以解决这一全球性健康问题.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 痴呆症是一个重大的全球健康挑战,需要有效的初级预防策略和提高公众素养.
- 关于痴呆症知识的研究主要来自高收入国家,巴尔干半岛等地区的数据有限.
- 了解痴呆症知识对于开发有针对性的教育干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 首次在保加利亚人口中调查痴呆症知识.
- 评估认知痴呆症症状,一般痴呆素养,以及对风险因素的认识.
- 确定影响保加利亚痴呆症知识的因素.
主要方法:
- 在保加利亚,对1896名成年人进行了在线调查.
- 评估的知识组成部分包括症状识别 (标签),痴呆素养 (痴呆症知识评估尺度 - DKAS) 和风险因素意识.
- 还收集了人口统计数据,先前的痴呆经验和信息来源.
主要成果:
- 一半的参与者正确识别了痴呆症症状;平均DKAS分数为9.51.
- 痴呆症知识与教育,婚姻状况,就业,种族,个人经验和信息来源相关.
- 很大一部分人认为痴呆症是衰老的正常组成部分 (56.7%),并不知道生活方式降低风险 (74.8%).
结论:
- 保加利亚的人口对痴呆症的了解水平较低.
- 显然,保加利亚需要加强公众意识和教育计划.
- 政策制定者必须将痴呆症视为社会问题,实施协调的策略来打击误解.
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