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在测试SARS-CoV-2或澳大利亚流感阳性后12周持续症状和功能障碍:一项观察性队列研究

Matthew Brown¹, John Gerrard¹, Lynne McKinlay¹

¹Office of the Chief Health Officer, Queensland Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

BMJ public health

|February 28, 2025

概括

长期COVID症状和功能障碍与澳大利亚接种疫苗的人群感染后12周的流感症状相似. 这表明长期COVID可能是一种类似于流感的后病毒综合征,主要在受影响人数上有所不同.

科学领域:

传染性疾病传染性疾病
公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

在COVID-19 (长期COVID) 后持续的症状和功能障碍是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
与其他病毒后综合征 (如流感) 相比,长期COVID的严重程度需要进一步调查,特别是在接种疫苗的人群中.

研究的目的:

为了比较PCR确认COVID-19和PCR确认流感感染12周后持续症状和功能障碍的发生率.
为了分析这些结果在高度接种疫苗的澳大利亚人口在并发的病毒波期间.

主要方法:

采用了队列研究设计,招募了在2022年6月为COVID-19或流感呈阳性PCR测试的参与者.
12周后进行了随访,参与者自我报告了持续的症状和功能障碍.
多变量物流回归分析对年龄,性别,第一民族地位,疫苗接种状态和社会经济状况进行控制.

主要成果:

这项研究包括2195名COVID-19患者和951名流感患者.
在控制共变量后,在COVID-19和流感组之间在12周内没有发现持续症状 (21.4%vs23.0%) 或中度至严重的功能障碍 (4.1%vs4.4%) 的统计学上显著差异.
调整后的几率比率表明,与流感患者相比,COVID-19患者的持续症状或功能障碍的可能性没有增加.

结论:

在SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种浪潮期间,在高度接种疫苗的人群中,长期COVID并没有表现为比季节性流感更严重的后病毒综合征.
虽然严重程度可能相似,但受到COVID-19影响的个体数量可能会对卫生系统产生更大的潜在影响.
这项研究强调了对长期COVID进行强有力的研究的必要性,利用适当的比较组来准确评估其影响.

关键词:

流行病流行病流行病人口监控人口监控公共卫生公共卫生

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