医院中的落:通过对患者流动性的新见解,挑战传统的风险评估
Erik H Hoyer1,2, Daniel L Young1,2, Chi Zhang1
1Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Journal of advanced nursing
|February 28, 2025
概括
评估患者的移动能力与表现是了解医院跌倒风险的关键. 将这些方面区分开来,可以更准确地评估患者的跌倒风险.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 康复医学 康复医学 康复医学
- 患者安全 患者安全
背景情况:
- 住院患者跌倒的风险很大,移动性是评估跌倒风险的关键因素.
- 目前的跌倒评估工具在评估流动性方面存在差异,这可能导致风险分层的不准确性.
- 对于有效的预防策略来说,对流动性的不同方面如何影响跌倒风险的细微了解至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查患者移动能力和移动性表现与医院跌倒的发生率之间的明显关联.
- 为了确定是否对移动性的全面评估,超出一般措施,提高了跌倒风险预测的准确性.
主要方法:
- 对三家医院的电子病历进行了回顾性分析.
- 包括498名患有跌倒的患者和53,708名没有跌倒的患者.
- 在入院后48小时内使用约翰霍普金斯落风险评估工具 (JHFRAT),AM-PAC尺度 (移动能力) 和JH-HLM尺度 (移动性能) 评估移动性.
主要成果:
- 根据AM-PAC和JHFRAT得分的测量,较低的移动能力与较高的跌倒发生率有关.
- 通过JH-HLM尺度评估的移动性表现显示了与跌倒的反向U形关系,在移动性表现最差的患者中观察到最低的跌倒发病率.
- 这些发现表明,移动的不同方面与跌倒风险有独特的关系.
结论:
- 单一的移动性评估方法可能无法充分捕捉患者真正的跌倒风险.
- 评估功能性移动能力和实际的移动性表现对于精确和个性化的跌倒风险评估至关重要.
- 这项研究强调了临床实践中需要多方面的移动性评估,以提高患者的安全性和减少医院倒闭.
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