美国农村地区糖尿病患者和没有糖尿病患者饮食摄入量的比较
Christian A Koziatek1, Melissa Rony2, Carolina Quintero Arias2
1Ronald O. Perelman Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY; Department of Emergency Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY.
患有糖尿病的农村居民的替代健康饮食指数 (aHEI) 得分较低,表明饮食质量较差. 针对性营养教育侧重于特定的食物群体,如红肉和反式脂肪,对于改善这些高风险社区的血糖控制至关重要.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 糖尿病研究 糖尿病研究
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响健康结果,特别是在糖尿病等慢性疾病中.
- 农村人口经常面临独特的挑战,即获得健康的食物选择和营养教育.
- 另一种健康饮食指数 (aHEI) 提供了全面的饮食质量衡量标准.
研究的目的:
- 用替代健康饮食指数 (aHEI) 衡量饮食质量,比较患有糖尿病和没有糖尿病的农村居民.
- 确定特定的食品和饮料分组,这些分组之间的aHEI分数差异有助于这些分组之间的差异.
主要方法:
- 从纽约州沙利文县的农村居民收集的横截面调查数据.
- 验证的食物频率问卷用于评估饮食摄入量.
- 糖尿病和没有糖尿病的参与者之间的aHEI总和组件分数的比较.
主要成果:
- 与没有糖尿病的人 (n=961,56.7) 相比,糖尿病患者 (n=155) 的aHEI平均得分 (54.1) 显著较低.
- 患有糖尿病的参与者在酒精饮料,红肉,坚果/豆类和反式脂肪成分方面表现较低.
- 患有糖尿病的受访者年龄较大,较少非西班牙裔白人,平均体重指数较高.
结论:
- 较低的饮食质量,如aHEI得分所示,在患有糖尿病的农村居民中普遍存在.
- 需要注意特定的饮食因素,包括减少坚果/豆类的摄入量和增加红肉和反式脂肪的摄入量.
- 农村社区显然需要量身定制的营养教育计划,以改善糖尿病患者的饮食质量和血糖控制.
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