孕期糖尿病后的母乳养:母乳,牛奶和婴儿的结果
Donna T Geddes1,2,3, Zoya Gridneva1,2,3, Sharon L Perrella1,2,3
1School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley.
Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
|February 28, 2025
概括
妊娠糖尿病 (GDM) 后的母乳养改善了母亲的代谢健康,并降低了未来糖尿病的风险. 怀孕和产后期间的个性化支持对于患有GDM的女性成功哺乳的结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生殖内分泌学 生殖内分泌学
- 孕产妇和胎儿医学 孕产妇和胎儿医学
- 人类哺乳期哺乳期
背景情况:
- 妊娠期糖尿病 (GDM) 影响全球14%的怀孕,与肥胖和晚年母亲年龄相关的发病率不断上升.
- 了解GDM和母乳养之间的相互作用对于母亲和婴儿健康至关重要.
- 在成功启动和维持母乳养方面,GDM带来了独特的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 审查GDM和母乳养结果之间的复杂关系.
- 整合最近关于母亲健康益处,牛奶成分和临床支持的证据.
- 突出GDM管理对长期孕产妇代谢健康的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对最近的研究进行了全面的文献综述.
- 对GDM后母亲代谢健康数据的分析.
- 对患有GDM的妇女母乳成分的检查.
- 对患有GDM的母乳养母亲的临床支持策略的评估.
主要成果:
- 经过GDM后的长期母乳养与改善母亲的代谢健康,减少体重保持和更好的心脏代谢概况有关.
- 人类牛奶的成分显示了寡糖和牛奶脂肪球体膜蛋白的变化,尽管宏观营养素被保留.
- 以前的母乳养史显著降低了后续怀孕中不正常的禁食葡萄糖几率.
- 新出现的证据支持个性化的产前支持计划,用于GDM的母乳养.
结论:
- 成功母乳养为患有GDM的母亲提供了显著的健康益处,尽管存在诸如延迟分泌激活等挑战.
- 个性化,全面的支持策略,从怀孕期间开始,持续到产后,是必不可少的.
- 医疗保健提供者应优先考虑优化GDM母亲及其婴儿的母乳养结果.
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