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相关概念视频

Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation01:27

Secondary Motives: Power Motivation and Achievement Motivation

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Power motivation and achievement motivation are two essential social motives identified by psychologist David McClelland. These motives influence behavior in various personal and professional contexts, shaping how individuals interact with others and pursue their goals.
Power motivation is characterized by the desire to influence, control, or have an impact on others. It is shaped by an individual's experiences, social environment, and cultural context. People with high power motivation are...
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Factors Affecting Perception01:25

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Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...
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Power01:08

Power

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The concept of work involves force and displacement; meanwhile, the work-energy theorem relates the net work done on a body to the difference in its kinetic energy, calculated between two points on its trajectory. While none of these quantities or relations involves time explicitly, we know that the time available to accomplish work is often just as important as the amount of work itself. For example, sprinters in a race may have achieved the same velocity at the finish, therefore,...
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Complex Power01:14

Complex Power

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Power engineers have introduced the concept of complex power to determine the cumulative effect of parallel loads. This idea plays a crucial role in power analysis because it encompasses all the details related to the power consumed by a specific load.
Complex power is defined as the multiplication of the voltage and the complex conjugate of the current. The magnitude of this power, known as apparent power, is measured in volt-amperes (VA). Notably, the angle of the complex power equates to the...
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The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

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According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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相关实验视频

Updated: May 24, 2025

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
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感知功率的两个因素尺度.

Myojoong Kim1, Frank May2

  • 1Independent Researcher, Ulsan, South Korea.

PloS one
|February 28, 2025
PubMed
概括

这项研究引入了一种新的尺度,以明确衡量个人权力和社会权力. 研究结果显示,这些权力类型对寻求建议和对服务故障的反应等行为有不同的影响.

科学领域:

  • 心理学 心理学 心理学
  • 社会心理学 社会心理学
  • 组织行为 组织行为

背景情况:

  • 权力在社会互动中至关重要,影响结果和自主权.
  • 现有的措施往往把个人权力和社会权力混为一谈,限制了细微的理解.
  • 区分权力方面对于准确的行为预测至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 开发和验证一个强大的两因素尺度感知功率.
  • 区分个人权力 (自主权) 和社会权力 (对他人的影响).
  • 调查每个权力维度的独特行为后果.

主要方法:

  • 通过探索性和确认性因子分析,在12项研究 (N=2,878) 中验证了两因素比例表.
  • 评估规模的可靠性和有效性.
  • 采用实验操纵和相关设计来测试差异预测.

主要成果:

  • 新的尺度可靠且有效地区分个人和社会权力.
  • 个人权力与积极主动寻求建议的增加有关.
  • 社会力量与减少寻求建议和放大对服务失败的负面反应有关.

结论:

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  • 经过验证的尺度为测量不同功率尺寸提供了一个精确的工具.
  • 个人和社会权力对行为有独特,不同的影响.
  • 这项研究促进了对社会和组织背景中的权力动态的理解.