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在沿海生态系统中探索基于环境核酸的生物多样性评估和管理的技术改进

Fuwen Wang¹, Wei Xiong¹, Yue Liu²

¹Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China.

Journal of environmental management

|February 28, 2025

概括

评估海洋生物多样性的环境DNA (eDNA) 和环境RNA (eRNA) 方法面临着错误阳性和负性的挑战. 这项研究测试了全基因组放大 (WGA) 和eRNA-metabarcoding,发现eRNA更有效地减少扰乱的沿海地区的错误.

科学领域:

海洋生态海洋生态学
分子生态学分子生态学
保护生物学保护生物学

背景情况:

评估海洋生物多样性至关重要,特别是在受干扰的沿海地区.
环境DNA (eDNA) -metabarcoding是一个强大的工具,但患有错误阳性和负面.
为了准确的生物多样性评估,需要技术改进.

研究的目的:

评估全基因组放大 (WGA) 用于减少eDNA元编码中的假阴性.
评估环境RNA (eRNA) -metabarcoding,以减轻污染导致的错误阳性.
为了比较广东-香港-澳门大湾区的eDNA和eRNA方法.

主要方法:

经过测试,WGA可从低度提高eDNA放大效果.
应用 eRNA-metabarcoding 来区分活体和污染物.
分析了高度扰乱的河口和沿海环境中的鱼群.

主要成果:

WGA增加了PCR放大,但引入了更多的假负结果和改变了社区结构.
通过eDNA-metabarcoding识别出20.9%-23.6%的淡水种群是错误的阳性.
eRNA-metabarcoding显著降低了虚假阳性结果,达到2.5%-6.3%.

结论:

通过减少虚假阳性,eRNA-metabarcoding更可靠地评估扰乱的沿海地区的生物多样性.
WGA不适合减少虚假阴性,因为它可以增加它们并影响罕见种群的检测.
对于水生生态系统中基于eDNA和eRNA的生物多样性监测,需要进一步的技术进步.

关键词:

沿海地区沿海地区一个错误的负面.这是错误的阳性.整个基因组放大放大.我们的eDNADNA 我们的 eRNA eRNA.

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