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吸收天然存在于大豆中的铁
Laura S Hackl1, Diego Moretti2, Magalie Sabatier1
1Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland.
Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|February 28, 2025
概括
基于大豆的食物对饮食中的铁摄入量有显著的贡献,吸收受制剂和酸等增强剂的影响. 这些植物性选择可以帮助满足日常铁需求,特别是当植物酸低时.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
背景情况:
- 基于植物的饮食对于健康和可持续性越来越受欢迎.
- 大豆及其衍生品是植物性食品中的关键蛋白质来源,天然含有铁.
- 了解大豆中铁的生物可用性对于营养评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查和分析关于大豆产品中铁的生物可用性的人类同位素研究数据.
- 量化天然大豆铁对每日铁需求的贡献.
- 确定影响大豆铁吸收的因素.
主要方法:
- 人类同位素研究的叙事综述 (>3年).
- 将铁吸收数据根据铁状况进行调整 (血清费里15μg/L).
- 吸收的铁与人类每日需求的比较.
主要成果:
- 在食中从大豆中调整的铁吸收量差异很大 (4.1%-22.2%).
- 豆类对日常铁需求的贡献在女性和男性的10%-70%之间.
- 从大豆蛋白分离物中获得铁的生物可用性可能较低;用大豆部分替代肉类并没有显著损害吸收.
结论:
- 基于大豆的产品可以有意义地为吸收的铁需求作出贡献.
- 低水平的植物酸和同时摄入的 Askorbic 酸可增强大豆中铁的吸收.
- 需要进一步研究影响大豆铁的生物可用性和长期铁状况的因素.
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