听力训练对听力损失认知的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Journal of the American Academy of Audiology
|February 28, 2025
概括
听力训练对年龄相关听力损失的老年人对整体认知和执行功能有显著的积极影响. 然而,由于研究质量不佳,需要更多的研究来证实这些益处.
科学领域:
- 老年学和认知科学 认知学和认知科学
- 听力学和神经科学 听力学和神经科学
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的听力损失 (ARHL) 在老年人中很普遍,并与认知能力下降有关.
- 认知功能,包括执行功能,注意力,处理速度和工作记忆,可能会受到ARHL的影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析听力训练干预措施改善ARHL患者认知功能的有效性.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验的系统审查和元分析.
- 在主要数据库 (Cochrane,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase等) 中进行文献搜索. 在2023年12月之前.
- 包括7项研究,443名参与者 (平均年龄67.23岁) 被诊断患有轻度至重度听力损失.
主要成果:
- 听力训练对整体认知 (g = 0.79) 和执行功能 (g = 3.84) 产生了统计学上显著的积极影响.
- 对注意力/处理速度 (g = 1.47) 和工作记忆 (g = 0.68) 的影响没有统计学意义.
- 在执行功能,注意力/处理速度和工作记忆领域观察到高异质性.
结论:
- 虽然初步结果表明,听力训练可能有利于ARHL的整体认知和执行功能,但这些发现是有限的.
- 文献质量较低和潜在的偏见排除了关于听力训练有效性的最终结论.
- 需要进一步进行高质量的随机对照试验,以确定听力训练对ARHL认知增强的有效性.
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