非铁金属开采对土壤重金属污染和风险评估的影响
Shamsunnahar Setu1, Vladimir Strezov1
1School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
The Science of the total environment
|March 1, 2025
概括
采矿污染土壤的重金属,如和,在全球范围内构成重大环境和健康风险. 需要紧急的管理策略来缓解这些广泛的污染问题.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 采矿活动是土壤污染的主要来源.
- 在全球范围内,非铁矿业对非铁矿业的影响还未得到充分研究.
- 土壤污染物与大气变量相关.
研究的目的:
- 评估四种非铁矿类型对环境和健康的影响.
- 识别采矿场监测中的数据缺口.
- 评估重金属风险,并提出政策建议.
主要方法:
- 对土壤污染物的地质积累指数 (Igeo) 分析.
- 对非致癌影响的危险指数 (HI) 评估.
- 审查现有的数据集和采样实践.
主要成果:
- (Hg) 和 (Cd) 是所有采矿类型的主要风险.
- 在铜矿和矿中 (As) 污染率最高.
- 在矿中存在严重的Cd污染,美国矿除外.
- 在金矿土壤中高Hg.
- 最高的生态风险来自矿和金矿.
- 非致癌风险是可以接受的,除了As;在几个国家存在致癌风险.
结论:
- 采矿造成的重金属污染迫切需要全球关注.
- 非铁矿开采具有重大环境和健康风险.
- 对于有效的环境管理和恢复的政策建议至关重要.
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