在英格兰,常规的COVID-19成人疫苗接种计划的成本效益
Matt J Keeling1, Edward M Hill2, Stavros Petrou3
1The Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology & Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research, School of Life Sciences and Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Vaccine
|March 2, 2025
概括
确定COVID-19疫苗接种计划的成本效益至关重要. 支付门的意愿因年龄和风险而有很大差异,这凸显了保护最脆弱人群的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 对SARS-CoV-2 (导致COVID-19的病毒) 的免疫力因自然感染,接种疫苗,免疫力减弱和病毒突变而有很大变化.
- 最初的COVID-19疫苗接种策略优先考虑了快速保护人口,绕过了成本效益分析.
- 随着疾病对大多数人来说变得温和,并且疫苗重新购买是必要的,评估疫苗计划的经济价值是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 确定英格兰不同年龄和风险群体的COVID-19疫苗支付意愿 (WTP) 门.
- 在当前的流行病学和经济环境中评估COVID-19疫苗接种计划的成本效益.
- 以经济价值和人口脆弱性为基础,为未来的疫苗接种战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自英格兰的2023-2024年的COVID-19住院者,ICU住院者和死亡人数数据.
- 纳入定制的健康经济成本来计算WTP值.
- 分析了跨不同年龄人口和具有先前健康状况 (并发症) 的个体的WTP值.
主要成果:
- 愿意支付COVID-19疫苗的门显示了对年龄和风险因素的非线性依赖.
- 门范围从年轻,健康的个体低于1英,到老年伴随疾病的个体超过100英.
- 当前针对老年人群的疫苗接种建议与成本效益值保持一致,仅考虑管理成本.
结论:
- 成本效益分析显示,根据年龄和并发症状况,COVID-19疫苗接种的经济价值存在显著差异.
- 未来的疫苗接种计划,包括疫苗购买成本,需要更高的年龄门以实现成本效益,加强保护老年人和弱势群体的优先权.
- 这些发现支持有针对性的疫苗接种策略,以最大限度地提高经济价值和公共卫生影响.
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