在生物入侵期间,甘幼虫 (Rhinella marina) 竞争能力的快速地理差异
Gregory S Clarke1, Richard Shine1, Gregory P Brown2
1School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Ecology
|March 3, 2025
概括
侵袭性 (Rhinella marina) 在侵袭前线显示的竞争能力降低. 这支持了一个假设,即不断扩大的人口优先考虑增长和分散而不是竞争.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
背景情况:
- 生物入侵通常在范围边缘具有较低的人口密度.
- 这可能会减少种内竞争,有利于适应增长和分散而不是竞争力.
- 在隔离的水体中的Anuran头是测试这一点的理想模型,因为它们面临竞争和有限的分散.
研究的目的:
- 为了测试入侵物种在扩大范围边缘进化减少竞争能力的预测.
- 为了调查入侵历史如何影响的特征与竞争和掠食者响应相关的 (Rhinella marina).
主要方法:
- 实验中使用了来自核心和入侵前线种群的被俘的甘青.
- 竞争能力是根据不同粮食供应情况的增长和发展速度来评估的.
- 对捕食者的反应也被评估为对照特征.
主要成果:
- 来自核心群体的子是优越的竞争对手,特别是当食物有限时.
- 与核心群体相比,来自入侵前线群体的子表现出较低的竞争能力.
- 对捕食者的反应和食物限制对转化时的生存和大小的影响在核心和边缘种群之间是相似的.
结论:
- 在澳大利亚的蔓延与头的竞争能力在入侵前线下降有关.
- 这一发现支持了这样一个假设:在范围边缘不断扩大时的选择压力有利于竞争力之外的其他特征.
- 与捕食者反应和一般食物限制耐受性相关的特征似乎不受入侵历史的影响.
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