职业指导以支持医学学生的职业决策:一个随机对照试验
Daan A H Fris1,2,3, Annelies E M van Vianen4, Edwin A J van Hooft4
1Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. a.h.fris@uva.nl.
概括
职业指导通过提高自我效能和确定性,大大减少了医学学生对职业决策的压力. 这种干预支持更好的职业选择,从而改善福祉和绩效.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 职业发展 职业发展
背景情况:
- 医学学生在做职业决策时经常经历相当大的压力.
- 影响这种压力的因素包括自我概念的清晰度,职业决策的自我有效性和感知到的时间压力.
- 需要有效的干预措施来支持医学学生的职业决策过程.
研究的目的:
- 调查职业指导干预措施在减少医学学生职业决策压力的有效性.
- 检查自我概念澄清和职业决策自我有效性的调解作用.
- 评估辅导对职业选择确定性和变化的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用了随机等待列表控制试验设计.
- 干预组 (n=94) 在八个月内接受了五次个人辅导课程.
- 用多层次路径建模分析数据,比较干预和等候名单对照组 (n=130).
主要成果:
- 职业指导显著减少了职业决策压力 (效果大小: -0.17).
- 这种减少的部分原因是职业决策自我效能增加.
- 辅导还导致了更多的职业选择变化和更大的确定性.
结论:
- 职业指导是有效的干预措施,以减轻医学学生的职业决策压力.
- 该干预措施增强了职业决策的自我有效性和职业选择的确定性.
- 医学院应该考虑实施辅导计划,以支持学生的职业发展.
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