硬件优化和16通道神经树分类器的实施,用于芯片内闭环神经调节
IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems
|March 3, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了用于植入神经调节系统的芯片机器学习分类器,以检测发作. 优化的硬件实现了高精度与低内存,为高效,实时的神经疾病预测铺平了道路.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 神经调节系统 神经调节系统
背景情况:
- 发作需要及时检测,以获得有效的闭环神经调节.
- 在芯片上机器学习 (ML) 分类器对于植入式系统至关重要.
- 基于树的分类器提供适合硬件实现的低内存足迹.
研究的目的:
- 开发和优化芯片上ML分类器,用于在神经调节系统中检测发作.
- 通过模型压缩和高效的功能提取来提高硬件性能.
- 在Zynq-7000 SoC上评估系统的效率和资源利用率.
主要方法:
- 使用模型压缩技术 (重量修剪,重量共享) 实现了一个神经树 (NT) 分类器.
- 设计了一个使用FIR过器和时间分割多重复合的特征提取引擎 (FEE).
- 在Zynq-7000 SoC上使用预先记录的患者EEG数据 (CHB-MIT数据库) 测试了端到端系统.
主要成果:
- 实现了高诊断准确性:95.7%的灵敏度和94.3%的特异性.
- 证明了0.59kB的低芯片内存要求.
- 在65nm CMOS中制造的设计:耗电174微瓦,面积0.16毫米2.
结论:
- 开发的芯片上ML系统能够有效地实时检测发作,用于闭环神经调节.
- 模型压缩和优化的硬件设计大大降低了资源需求.
- 这项工作代表了朝着可扩展和节能的神经调制装置的神经疾病预测的显著进步.
相关概念视频
01:37Neural Regulation
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
01:25Neural Circuits
Neural circuits and neuronal pools are two of the main structures found in the nervous system. Neural circuits are networks of neurons that work together to carry out a specific task or process. They consist of interconnected neurons and glial cells, which provide structural and metabolic support.
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...
Neuronal pools are collections of nerve cells with similar functions and interact through chemical and electrical signals. These pools include both interneurons (the central neural circuit nodes that...