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社会经济决定因素可能是全球SARS-CoV-2测试能力差异的基础:一项生态研究

Andres Moreira-Soto^1,2, Carl Beuchel¹, Ximena Tabares¹

¹Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

|March 3, 2025

概括

诸如脆弱的就业和性别不平等等社会经济因素对全球SARS-CoV-2测试能力产生了重大影响. 解决这些差异对于公平的卫生服务和疫情准备至关重要.

科学领域:

全球健康全球健康
流行病学流行病学
卫生经济学卫生经济学

背景情况:

COVID-19大流行凸显了全球在医疗保健获取和响应能力方面的差异.
了解SARS-CoV-2实验室测试能力 (TC) 的决定因素对于有效的流行病管理至关重要.

研究的目的:

分析109个国家的SARS-CoV-2实验室测试能力和社会经济因素之间的关系.
在2020-2021年期间,确定导致全球测试能力不平等的关键决定因素.

主要方法:

生态研究利用回归分析来检查TC和社会经济决定因素之间的关联.
来自109个国家的数据 (我们的世界数据,世卫组织,联合国) 分析了2020-2021年全球六个疾病负担区域的数据.
研究的因素包括疫苗接种率,财富,脆弱就业 (VE),性别和收入不平等.

主要成果:

各地区的测试能力 (TC) 显著增加,亚洲和大洋洲的增长最大 (4.9倍).
在全球范围内,脆弱就业 (VE) 始终与降低的TC相关 (2020: -43%; 2021: -46%).
特定区域的分析显示了异质性;拉丁美洲和亚洲/大洋洲将TC与卫生支出联系起来,而VE对高收入,中欧和撒哈拉以南地区的TC产生了负面影响.

结论:

社会经济和性别不平等显著影响SARS-CoV-2测试能力.
公平获得医疗服务和有针对性的干预措施至关重要,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
解决这些差异对于改善健康结果和全球流行病准备至关重要.

关键词:

在 COVID-19 疫情中,决策决策决策决策卫生经济学卫生经济学

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