探索阿片类药物使用障碍患者的社会障碍:连接冲动性,童年创伤和前额叶皮层
Thais Costa Macedo de Arruda1, Laura Sinko2, Paul Regier3
1Psychology and Neuroscience Department, College of Liberal Arts, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. thais.costa.arruda@temple.edu.
BMC psychiatry
|March 3, 2025
概括
患有阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 和社会障碍的个人表现出更高的冲动性和改变前额叶皮层活动. 童年创伤缓和了冲动性和社会功能之间的联系,建议个性化,创伤信息的OUD治疗.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
背景情况:
- 社会功能挑战是阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 治疗的关键问题.
- 冲动性和前额叶皮层相关的神经变化可能是OUD中社会障碍的基础.
- 童年逆境可能会影响冲动性,社会功能和OUD结果之间的关系.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究冲动性,社会功能和前额叶皮层活动之间的关系,在从OUD中恢复过来的个体中.
- 检查童年创伤在冲动性和社会功能之间的联系中所起的温和作用.
主要方法:
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 测量了前额叶皮层在去/不去任务中的活动.
- 有和没有社会障碍的参与者 (N=35) 完成了关于冲动性,社会功能和不良童年经历 (ACE) 的调查.
主要成果:
- 患有OUD的社会障碍者表现出更高的冲动性和抑郁症状.
- 冲动性增加与社会功能下降有很强的相关性 (r=-0.7,p<0.001).
- 在抑郁症得到控制时,童年创伤缓和了冲动性-社会功能关系 (B=-0.11,p=0.023).
- 社会障碍组在行为抑制任务期间显示出更大的前额叶皮层激活.
结论:
- 患有OUD和社会障碍的人更有冲动性,并表现出明显的前额叶皮层激活模式.
- 童年创伤加剧了冲动性对OUD恢复中的社会功能负面影响.
- 研究结果支持个性化,创伤信息化的干预措施,解决OUD治疗中的社会需求和冲动性.
相关概念视频
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
34
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
34
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena
422
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
422
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
22
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
22
Stress and Mental Health
70
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
70
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
153
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
153
Antisocial Personality Disorder
43
Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
Behavioral Characteristics and...
Behavioral Characteristics and...
43


