全球贸易对运输行业可持续性的不均衡影响
Kuokuo Zhao1,2, Donglan Zha1,2, Chaoqun Zhang1,2
1College of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China.
iScience
|March 4, 2025
概括
全球贸易对运输行业可持续性 (TI-S) 的影响在各个经济体中不同. 虽然贸易促进了整体的TI-S,但发达国家在环境方面领先,发展中国家在社会经济方面领先.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 产业政策 产业政策 产业政策
背景情况:
- 运输行业的全球贸易产生了复杂的社会经济,资源和环境 (SRE) 足迹.
- 将这些SRE足迹与可持续性框架相结合,对于推动运输行业可持续性 (TI-S) 至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析运输行业全球贸易的SRE足迹.
- 开发和应用一个TI-S评估系统,在16个TI-S目标中使用26个SRE指标.
主要方法:
- 分析与全球运输贸易相关的SRE足迹.
- 开发一个具有26个指标和16个目标的TI-S评估系统.
- 在发达和发展中国家的TI-S业绩的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 全球贸易总体上提高了TI-S得分,发达经济体在资源和环境目标方面表现强,而发展中国家在就业和税收目标方面领先.
- 对于南非,俄罗斯和澳大利亚等特定国家来说,贸易带来的社会经济收益无法弥补环境和资源的下降.
- 全球贸易促进了发达经济体的目标协同效应,但这种效应在发展中经济体是不一致的,这表明对TI-S的影响是异质的.
结论:
- 贸易对TI-S的影响是多样化的,在发达经济体和发展中国家之间存在很大差异.
- 根据这些发现进行政策调整,可以促进交通运输行业可持续发展的进展.
- 了解这些异质影响对于运输部门的有效产业政策至关重要.
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