检查了70个文化中基于地位的权力和社会地位之间的联系
Arkadiusz Wasiel1, Maciej R Górski1,2, Michael Harris Bond3
1Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
The British journal of social psychology
|March 4, 2025
概括
在大多数文化中,权力与地位有关. 然而,这种联系在西方,受过教育,工业化,富裕,民主 (WEIRD) 社会中较弱,并且取决于领导人是否被认为是以他人为导向的或以自我为导向的.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 跨文化心理学 跨文化心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 权力和地位的等级制度是社会结构的基础,即使在平等主义社会.
- 权力和社会地位是截然不同的概念;权力的个人可能并不总是得到相应的尊重.
- 了解权力与地位在不同文化背景之间的关系对于社会动态至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查70个文化中基于地位的权力和社会地位之间的关联.
- 识别影响权力和地位关系的文化和个人因素.
- 探索当感知影响和控制转化为感知尊重和工具价值.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自70个文化中的18096名参与者的合作收集数据集.
- 采用基于调查的相关设计来检查变量之间的关系.
- 基于地位的权力作为影响力和控制,以及社会地位作为尊重和工具性的社会价值.
主要成果:
- 在大多数文化地区观察到权力和地位之间的积极联系,在西方,受过教育,工业化,富裕,民主 (WEIRD) 和后苏联地区的显著例外.
- 权力持有者的感知到的其他导向放大了权力地位的关联,而自我导向削弱了它.
- 权力地位的关联在自我表达/和性低,嵌入性高,文化紧张性高的文化中尤其强烈.
结论:
- 基于地位的权力与社会地位之间的关系不是普遍的,并且在不同文化背景下有很大差异.
- 个人对权力持有者的取向 (他人与自我导向) 的看法在调解这种关系方面发挥着关键作用.
- 社会价值观,如自我表达/和,嵌入和文化紧,显著影响权力如何转化为地位.
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