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精神分裂型人格特征与时间折扣之间的关系:日期/延迟效应的作用
Kristof Keidel1,2, Carsten Murawski2, Christos Pantelis3
1Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Schizophrenia bulletin
|March 4, 2025
概括
时间折扣 (TD) 与精神分裂不相关,但积极的精神分裂特征影响了人们对未来时间的看法. 这表明,未来的时间表现对精神分裂症谱系障碍的认知缺陷产生影响.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 增加的时间折扣 (TD) 在精神疾病中很常见,但对精神分裂症谱的发现尚不清楚.
- 在精神分裂症频谱中,未来时间表示在TD中的作用仍然未被探索.
- 精神分裂,一个个性特征星座,被认为是精神分裂症谱的一部分.
研究的目的:
- 调查精神分裂性人格特征与TD之间的关联.
- 检查TD中的日期/延迟效应,其中未来的奖励以日期与延迟单位表示.
- 探索精神分裂如何影响日期/延迟效应的大小.
主要方法:
- 一项大型在线研究 (N=1000) 使用货币选择问卷 (MCQ) 评估了TD.
- 使用"感受和经验的简短牛津-利物浦清单" (sO-LIFE) 测量了精神分裂特征.
- 在MCQ中的时间表示在受试者内部被操纵 (日期与延迟).
主要成果:
- 在邦费罗尼校正后,没有发现TD和整体精神分裂性亚标之间有显著的关联.
- 日期/延迟效应成功复制,表明时间表示有重大影响.
- 在sO-LIFE的不寻常体验分量级上获得更高的分数预测了日期/延迟效应的幅度,即使在控制共变量后也是如此.
结论:
- TD并没有直接与精神分裂症有关.
- 具有较高阳性精神分裂型的个体对未来时间点的表示方式敏感度增加.
- 未来时间表现可能是精神分裂症谱系障碍中认知感知缺陷的关键机制.
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