建模陈述的可信性与真相效应之间的联系
Semih C Aktepe1, Daniel W Heck2
1Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032, Marburg, Germany. semih.aktepe@uni-marburg.de.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|March 4, 2025
概括
重复使陈述看起来更真实,尤其是模两可的陈述. 一个新的贝叶斯模型表明,这种"真相效应"可能是潜伏规模上的一个恒定的附加效应,无论陈述的可信性如何.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 贝叶斯模型是贝叶斯模型.
- 决策 决策是做出决定的.
背景情况:
- 基于重复的真实效应,即重复的陈述被认为是更真实的,对于模两可的陈述已经得到了很好的证实.
- 关于重复如何影响对可信和不可信陈述的真相判断,存在相互矛盾的证据.
- 缺乏一个正式的理论来解释重复和陈述可信度之间的相互作用对真理效应.
研究的目的:
- 提出和测试一个贝叶斯模型,使真实效应的基于模拟的帐户正式化.
- 调查重复和陈述可信性如何共同影响真相判断.
- 为了澄清重复与真相感知中的可信性之间的相互作用的性质.
主要方法:
- 重新分析两项先前研究的实验数据.
- 基于基于模拟的模型开发贝叶斯模型 (Fazio等人,2019).
- 计算贝叶斯因子来比较四个竞争模式变体.
主要成果:
- 对于模两可的陈述,真理效应通常比在概率尺度上对高度不可信或可信的陈述更大.
- 然而,重复的效应可以在所有语句类型的试验尺度上保持恒定.
- 研究结果表明,在隐藏的试验仪尺度上,重复的不断加法效应解释了这种相互作用.
结论:
- 真理判断中的重复和可信性之间的相互作用可能是二进制真理判断的非线性转换的工件.
- 在隐藏的试验尺度上,重复的恒定加法效应提供了一个节的解释.
- 这种贝叶斯模型方法为理解基于重复的真实效应提供了正式的框架.
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