与国际共识分类相比,世卫组织诊断标准在"古典骨髓增殖新生体"中的演变
Jürgen Thiele1, Hans Michael Kvasnicka2, Umberto Gianelli3
1Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Blood cancer journal
|March 4, 2025
概括
骨髓扩散性瘤的诊断标准,如基本血小板血 (ET) 和真多细胞血 (PV) 已经发展. 最近的分类 (ICC 2022,WHO 2024) 完善了纤维化前骨髓纤维化 (PMF前) 的诊断.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 病理学 病理学 病理学
背景情况:
- 基本血小板血 (ET),原发性骨髓纤维化 (PMF) 和真多细胞血 (PV) 的诊断标准正在持续讨论中.
- 早期/前纤维化骨髓纤维化 (PMF前) 的分类自2001年引入以来一直在发展.
- 最近的诊断标准更新旨在提高准确性,并避免在骨髓增殖性瘤 (MPNs) 中误诊.
研究的目的:
- 将ET,PMF和PV的诊断标准与最近的分类进行比较和对比,重点是PMF前.
- 评估血小板,血红蛋白和血红素的诊断值的变化.
- 根据更新的指南,评估骨髓形态和基因标记在MPN诊断中的作用.
主要方法:
- 世界卫生组织 (修订第4版,第5版) 和国际共识分类 (ICC) 的诊断标准的比较分析.
- 对关键诊断参数的更新值进行审查.
- 评估最近的分类中对骨髓形态学和遗传标记的重视.
主要成果:
- 国际共识分类 (ICC) 2022年和世卫组织第五版 (2024) 提供了PMF前的最新定义.
- 对ET的诊断标准得到了改进,包括降低血小板值和与PMF前更好地区分.
- 根据性别调整的血红蛋白/血红素值被降低用于PV诊断,骨髓形态被提升为主要标准.
- 世卫组织第五版将白皮质细胞细胞形成症作为PMF前的次要标准被质疑.
- 世界卫生组织第五版的显微镜图像以其低放大和技术差异而闻名,阻碍了诊断清晰度.
结论:
- 最近的分类 (ICC 2022,WHO 2024) 显示了PMF前,提炼ET和PV诊断的基本上类似的定义.
- 虽然遗传标志物至关重要,但世界卫生组织第五版没有讨论骨髓活检程序的诊断充分性.
- 在某些特征的分类中存在差异,WHO第5版的说明图像的质量可以改进,以更好地诊断差异化.
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