在精神病谱系障碍中处理不确定性的神经相关物
Sophie Pauline Fromm1,2,3, Lara Wieland1,3,4, Alix Deneault1
1Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, CCM, Berlin 10117, Germany.
Brain communications
|March 5, 2025
概括
患有精神病谱系障碍的个体在出现新证据时努力更新信仰,这可能解释了妄想. 这种困难源于对环境不确定性和特定大脑区域的变化信号的处理变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
背景情况:
- 精神病的信念具有很高的确定性.
- 改变不确定性计算可能是精神病症状的基础.
- 了解不确定性处理对于精神病研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究精神病中不确定性处理的行为和神经相关性.
- 检查不确定性处理如何影响信念更新.
- 探索妄想思想,认知功能和不确定性处理之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 与19名患有精神病谱系障碍的参与者和40名健康对照者的横截面研究.
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 在预测推断任务期间.
- 计算建模 (贝叶斯观察者) 来分析行为和神经数据.
主要成果:
- 患有精神病的参与者表现出较低的任务表现,与更高的妄想相关.
- 精神病组在预测错误后对信念的更新减少,并且对环境变化点概率的使用减少.
- 在精神病组中观察到视觉和前脑区域变化点概率的编码减少.
结论:
- 妄想可能源于未能整合不确定性信息并将信念适应环境动态.
- 在环境变化后,视觉惊喜和运动反应信号的变化处理可能会导致精神病.
- 精神病中的信念刚性可能与不确定性信号的不充分整合有关,影响行为.
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