减少痛苦的心理调解者:基于智能手机的幸福培训随机对照试验的预先注册分析
Matthew J Hirshberg1, Cortland J Dahl1,2, Daniel Bolt3
1Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
概括
数字正念干预有效地通过改善正念行动,减少孤独感和增强目标来减少心理痛苦. 这些心理变化解释了干预的很大一部分.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 数字健康数字健康
背景情况:
- 了解干预机制对于优化至关重要.
- 存在基于冥想的干预 (MBI) 的机制理论,但缺乏经验支持.
- 数字交付MBI提供可扩展的心理健康支持.
研究的目的:
- 实证地调查基于智能手机的MBI的心理调解者.
- 评估数字MBI对心理痛苦和福祉调解者的影响.
- 检查正念行动,孤独感,认知失调和目的在减轻痛苦中的作用.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验,662名成年人被分配到一个为期4周的智能手机MBI或等待列表控制.
- 评估心理困扰和四个建议的调解者 (正念行动,孤独,认知失调,目的) 在干预期间和3个月的随访期间5次.
- 调解分析以确定MBI通过确定的调解员对困境的间接影响.
主要成果:
- 干预组在所有四个心理调解者中都显示出显著的改善.
- 所有的调解者都显著地解释了干预对减少心理痛苦的影响 (21.9%-62.5%).
- 探索性分析表明,减少孤独感是关键调解因素,解释了61.7%的间接效应.
结论:
- 基于智能手机的MBI可以通过多种途径有效地改善心理健康.
- 正念行动,孤独,认知失调和目标是减轻痛苦的重要媒介.
- 数字MBI显示出可扩展的心理健康干预措施的前景,孤独减少是一个特别强大的因素.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Psychological Responses to Stress
36
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
36
Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing
52
Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
Neuroticism and...
Neuroticism and...
52
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques III
44
Regular exercise and meditation serve as essential tools in managing stress and promoting physical and mental well-being.
The Role of Exercise in Stress Management
Regular physical activity is essential for reducing stress and promoting cardiovascular health. Exercise strengthens the heart, enhances blood flow, keeps blood vessels flexible, and helps lower blood pressure, all of which reduce the body's stress response. Research shows that adults who exercise regularly have nearly half the...
The Role of Exercise in Stress Management
Regular physical activity is essential for reducing stress and promoting cardiovascular health. Exercise strengthens the heart, enhances blood flow, keeps blood vessels flexible, and helps lower blood pressure, all of which reduce the body's stress response. Research shows that adults who exercise regularly have nearly half the...
44
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI
26
Adopting a healthier lifestyle often requires overcoming significant challenges, but leveraging psychological, social, and cultural resources can facilitate meaningful change. Effective self-change hinges on understanding and applying key tools such as motivation and goal setting, which help sustain efforts toward long-term health benefits.
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
26
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
129
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
129
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques V
22
A social support system is a structured network of personal relationships that provides assistance to individuals facing various challenges, offering a buffer against psychological and physical stressors. This network may consist of family members, friends, neighbors, colleagues, or other community members who provide resources and companionship. Social support can take many forms, including advice, emotional comfort, practical help, and companionship. Research indicates that these networks can...
22


