进入寄宿幼儿园与增加的压力和学校拒绝有关
Nan Xiao1, Xiao Zhang2, Cecilia Lai Wan Chan3
1T. Denny Sanford Harmony Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
概括
中国农村的寄宿幼儿园可能会增加幼儿的压力和拒绝上学,原因是长时间和与家庭分离. 建议增加与护理人员的接触,以支持他们在这个过渡时期的情绪调整.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 压力生理学 压力生理学
背景情况:
- 在中国西部,社会经济弱势的农村儿童长期就读学前教育,通常从3岁开始.
- 这些寄宿幼儿园每周需要与主要照顾者分开4-5天.
- 儿童保育质量差,工作时间长,护理人员分离可能会对儿童的适应能力和压力水平产生负面影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查寄宿学前体验对幼儿社会适应和应激反应的影响.
- 为了比较压力指标,特别是唾液α-氨酶 (sAA) 和皮质醇水平,在寄宿和非寄宿学前儿童之间.
主要方法:
- 在12周内从31名寄宿和30名非寄宿学前儿童收集了900多个唾液样本.
- 测量唾液α-氨酶 (sAA) 和皮质醇水平,以评估生理压力.
- 家长报告孩子的行为问题和学校拒绝.
主要成果:
- 与非寄宿学生相比,寄宿学前儿童在第二到最后一个工作日从上午中午到下午中午的皮质醇增加更大.
- 在12周内,非寄宿儿童的sAA呈现加速下降,而寄宿儿童则没有.
- 寄宿生比非寄宿生报告了更多的学校拒绝行为,这表明压力增加.
结论:
- 进入寄宿幼儿园与中国农村儿童的高压和拒绝上学有关.
- 生理压力标志物 (皮质醇和sAA) 表明登机儿童的潜在增加的压力反应.
- 通过增加初级照顾者接触来增强情感支持对于寄宿学前儿童在过渡期间至关重要.
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