在五个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的哺乳母亲中,最低的饮食多样性及其决定因素:多层次分析
Alebachew Ferede Zegeye1, Tadesse Tarik Tamir2, Desale Bihonegn Asmamaw3
1Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
PloS one
|March 5, 2025
概括
在撒哈拉以南非洲的哺乳母亲中,最低的饮食多样性很低. 教育和财富等因素影响饮食摄入量,强调需要有针对性的干预措施来改善母婴营养.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 孕产妇健康 孕产妇健康
背景情况:
- 确保最低限度的饮食多样性对于哺乳期母亲来说至关重要,以满足营养需求并支持母亲和婴儿的健康.
- 营养不良和微量营养素缺乏是全球性的问题,但在发展中国家,它们的流行率和哺乳期的决定因素未得到充分认识.
- 这项研究通过评估五个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的哺乳母亲的最低饮食多样性及其决定因素来解决知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定在五个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的哺乳母亲中最低饮食多样性的流行情况.
- 确定与哺乳期最低饮食多样性相关的个人和社区层面的因素.
- 提供有针对性的干预措施的证据,以改善该地区的孕产妇营养.
主要方法:
- 来自五个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的最新人口和健康调查 (2021-2023) 的二次数据分析.
- 在研究样本中包括19917名哺乳母亲.
- 应用多层混合效应物流回归模型,以确定最低饮食多样性的重要决定因素 (p < 0.05).
主要成果:
- 在哺乳期母亲中,最低饮食多样性的流行率为布基纳法索,加纳,肯尼亚,莫桑比克和坦桑尼亚的25.66%.
- 与最低饮食多样性的显著积极关联包括中等或高等教育,就业,可访问的医疗保健,设施交付,更高的财富地位和高社区产前护理利用率.
- 居住在加纳的人的最低饮食多样性几率显著更高 (AOR=4.21,95%CI:3.60,4.94).
结论:
- 在所研究的撒哈拉以南非洲国家,哺乳母亲的饮食多样性较低.
- 个人 (教育,就业,财富) 和社区层面的因素 (医疗保健准入,ANC利用) 显著影响饮食多样性.
- 卫生部应该优先对受教育程度较低的妇女和未充分利用产前服务的妇女进行干预,以提高母亲的营养.
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