从手工和小规模金矿开采中追踪大气中的
Natalie Szponar1, Claudia M Vega2,3, Jacqueline Gerson4,5
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2B1, Canada.
Environmental science & technology
|March 5, 2025
概括
工业和小规模的金矿开采 (ASGM) 严重污染大气中的 (Hg). 这项研究量化了秘鲁的含量和来源,揭示了植物吸收作为关键的去除过程.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 地质化学 地质化学
背景情况:
- 工业和小规模的金矿开采 (ASGM) 是大气 (Hg) 污染的主要全球来源.
- 对于ASGM地区,大气Hg数据有限,这阻碍了准确的污染评估.
- 了解Hg运输和这些地区的命运对于环境保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在秘鲁一个主要的ASGM地区测量大气气体元素 (GEM) 度和稳定的Hg同位素.
- 确定和量化ASGM对大气Hg污染的贡献.
- 研究植被在吸收和大气气的命运中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在偏远的ASGM地区部署新的被动空气采样器,用于高分辨率的大气Hg测量.
- 对气态元素 (GEM) 度和稳定的 (Hg) 同位素的分析.
- 应用同位素混合模型来确定ASGM对大气Hg的贡献.
主要成果:
- 与背景水平 (<1 ng m−3) 相比,观察到区域GEM度升高 (1.311 ng m−3).
- 在采矿场和黄金商店附近记录了极高的GEM水平 (>5000 ng m-3).
- ASGM被确定为大气Hg的70%以上的来源,通过明显的同位素签名证实了这一点.
- 植物吸收ASGM衍生的GEM被证明,影响大气GEM和Hg在树叶和垃圾.
结论:
- 在秘鲁的马德雷·德·迪奥斯地区,ASGM是大气中污染的主要来源.
- 植物在去除大气GEM方面发挥着重要作用,将Hg转移到陆地生态系统.
- 精确的监测和了解ASGM地区的Hg循环对于减轻环境影响至关重要.
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