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相关概念视频

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs01:28

Antidepressant Drugs: Tricyclics, SSRIs, and SNRIs

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Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs), including Desipramine (Norpramin), Imipramine (Tofranil), Clomipramine (Anafranil), and Amitriptyline (Elavil), inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and also block other receptors. They are used for depression, pain conditions, and insomnia. Common adverse effects include anticholinergic effects, sedation, orthostatic hypotension, and weight gain. They have a narrow therapeutic window and so require plasma-level monitoring. Abrupt discontinuation can...
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Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

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Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
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Antidepressant Drugs: Overview01:25

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Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...
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Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
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Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Release or Uptake01:21

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Certain drugs can affect how neurotransmitters called catecholamines, are released or taken back up in the adrenergic neuron. They can have different effects on the body's sympathetic transmission. Reserpine, a natural compound found in the Rauwolfia shrub, blocks a transporter called vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT), which leads to a buildup of catecholamines in the cell and reduces sympathetic transmission. Another drug called guanethidine works in multiple ways, including blocking...
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Tachyphylaxis is described as a rapid decrease in response to a drug after repeated or continuous administration of the same drug dose. It is a phenomenon where the body becomes less responsive to a particular substance or intervention over time, requiring higher doses or stronger interventions to achieve the same effect. It results from adaptive changes in the body's receptors, signaling pathways, or physiological processes that occur in response to prolonged exposure to a stimulus.
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相关实验视频

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The Forced Swim Test as a Model of Depressive-like Behavior
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停止服用抗抑郁药物还是没有?

Jeffrey Cl Looi1, Stephen Allison2, Tarun Bastiampillai3

  • 1MBBS, MD, DMedSc, FRANZCP, AFRACMA, Associate Professor of Neuropsychiatry, Old Age Psychiatry and Psychiatry and Head, Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, The Australian National University School of Medicine and Psychology, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT; Coordinator, Consortium of Australian-Academic Psychiatrists for Independent Policy and Research Analysis (CAPIPRA), Canberra, ACT.

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PubMed
概括

停止服用抗抑郁药物治疗中度至重度抑郁症会带来复发的风险,特别是在第一次发作后. 建议在缓解后继续治疗9-12个月,并仔细评估戒断的益处与风险.

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科学领域:

  • 精神病学是一个精神病学.
  • 一般的做法一般的做法
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.

背景情况:

  • 公众和媒体对停止抗抑郁药物治疗的兴趣越来越大,特别是在初级保健机构.
  • 本综述讨论了中度至重度抑郁症的成年人服用抗抑郁药物的维持或停止.

研究的目的:

  • 提供对中度至重度抑郁症抗抑郁药物管理的初级保健更新.
  • 审查当前关于维持和停止抗抑郁药物的证据.

主要方法:

  • 最近研究和系统性审查的定性叙事审查.
  • 关于抗抑郁药治疗和戒断的现有证据的评论.

主要成果:

  • 抑郁复发的重大风险与在初级保健中停止服用抗抑郁药物有关.
  • 对于首次出现抑郁症,建议在缓解后9-12个月内继续使用抗抑郁药.
  • 有限的证据支持停止抗抑郁药治疗复发性抑郁症的好处;注意到复发等危害.

结论:

  • 关于维持或停止抗抑郁药的决定需要仔细评估益处与风险.
  • 抗抑郁药物戒断的证据基础有限,在许多情况下,潜在的危害超过了益处.
  • 需要进一步的研究来澄清抗抑郁药停用最佳策略.