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遥远海洋环境中的生物多样性监测:推进环境DNA/RNA采样工作流程

Michelle Scriver¹, Anastasija Zaiko², Xavier Pochon³

¹Biosecurity Group, Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand; Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Sequench Ltd, Nelson, New Zealand.

Marine environmental research

|March 5, 2025

概括

环境DNA (eDNA) 和环境RNA (eRNA) 采样方法在偏远的菲奥德兰国家公园进行了比较. 缓冲区的保护改善了对鱼类和海洋脊椎动物的检测,这对于生物多样性监测至关重要.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
分子生物学分子生物学
保护科学保护科学

背景情况:

由于生物监测工具有限,偏远地区的生物多样性评估具有挑战性.
环境DNA (eDNA) 和环境RNA (eRNA) 为广泛的生物多样性调查提供了潜力.
优化eDNA/eRNA采样和保存是有效保护孤立生态系统的关键.

研究的目的:

评估不同的eDNA和eRNA采样工作流程和生物多样性评估在偏远峡湾的保存方法.
为了比较过技术和保存缓冲器,以最大限度地提高eDNA/eRNA产量和检测.
确定在具有挑战性的孤立环境中生物监测的最有效策略.

主要方法:

使用修改后的网和使用20微米和5微米过器的eDNA公民科学家采样器进行eDNA/eRNA采样.
两种保存方法的比较:自我保存单元与DNA/RNA ShieldTM缓冲区.
通过对真核生物的18S rRNA基因测序和对鱼类/海洋脊椎动物的线粒体16S rRNA基因进行生物多样性查.

主要成果:

在采样方法之间观察到可比的安普利康序列变异 (ASV) 丰度.
缓冲区的保存显著增加了鱼类和海洋脊椎动物的丰富性和PCR放大成功.
社区的组成显示了微小的变化,基于保存方法的不同鱼类模式.

结论:

收集和保存方法显著影响eDNA/eRNA产量,特别是在稀疏的种群中.
丰富的种群生物多样性被持续捕获,允许通过适应性策略进行强大的生物监测.
支持精简的eDNA/eRNA采样协议,强调基于目标生物的方法选择.

关键词:

沿海生态系统的生态系统环境DNA DNA 环境DNA 环境RNA 是一种环境RNA.改善了工作流程.海洋生物监测海洋生物监测方法比较方法比较常规监控应用程序常规监控应用程序采样设计采样设计

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