宿主生态和植物学塑造了社会蜜蜂病毒组的时间动态
Vincent Doublet1,2, Toby D Doyle3, Claire Carvell4
1Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. vincent.bs.doublet@gmail.com.
Nature communications
|March 5, 2025
概括
蜜蜂病毒由宿主遗传和生态相互作用塑造. 虽然宿主类型学会影响昆虫病毒的分布,但植物传粉者网络驱动植物病毒社区,影响病毒在蜜蜂之间传播.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 病毒群体 (病毒组) 是动态的,并且可以由于共同进化而表现出宿主特异性.
- 生态进化因素可以影响野生宿主中的病毒组动态,可能导致疾病的出现.
- 社会蜜蜂作为具有高度利基重叠和季节性多种组合中的重要授粉者,可以作为研究病毒组合驱动因素的相关模型.
研究的目的:
- 解开宿主基因和宿主生态在塑造蜜蜂病毒组中的作用.
- 调查植物-授粉者网络和表观学对与蜜蜂相关的病毒社区的影响.
- 评估昆虫和植物病毒在蜂群中的传播动态和复制.
主要方法:
- 采用微生物社区方法,将植物授粉者网络数据与元转录组学集成在一起.
- 小干扰RNAs被用作病毒复制的代理物,在授粉者和花粉中.
- 超过4500个昆虫授粉者样本在一年内在三个时间点进行了分析,确定了病毒序列.
主要成果:
- 确定了100多种昆虫和植物病毒序列.
- 发现宿主遗传距离是蜂相关昆虫病毒传播的主要驱动因素.
- 植物与授粉者之间的相互作用和现象学显著影响了蜜蜂收集的植物病毒群落的组成,揭示了病毒传播的机会.
结论:
- 宿主类型和生态相互作用在社会蜂群中差异化塑造了昆虫和植物病毒群体.
- 虽然存在病毒传播的机会,但只有一小部分昆虫病毒成功地传播到多个宿主,并在物种之间积极复制.
- 该研究强调了控制病毒组动态的因素的复杂相互作用和多宿主病毒出现的可能性,例如急性蜜蜂病毒.
相关概念视频
Retrovirus Life Cycles
45.5K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
45.5K
Pollination and Flower Structure
63.3K
Flowers are the reproductive, seed-producing structures of angiosperms. Typically, flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. Sepals and petals are the vegetative flower organs. Stamens and carpels are the reproductive organs.
63.3K
Gene Flow
34.6K
Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
34.6K
Frequency-dependent Selection
21.7K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
21.7K
Viral Mutations
32.1K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.1K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift
57.8K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
57.8K


