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量化气候变化中对生态系统服务的干扰影响

Laura E Dee¹, Steve J Miller², Kate J Helmstedt³

¹Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA. laura.dee@colorado.edu.

Nature ecology & evolution

|March 5, 2025

概括

由于气候变化,干扰越来越多地威胁到生态系统服务. 一种新的基于特征的方法量化了这些影响,揭示了评估自然贡献风险的传统生态指标的局限性.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
环境科学环境科学
保护生物学保护生物学

背景情况:

像火灾和风这样的干扰会显著改变生态系统,并威胁到大自然对人类的贡献 (生态系统服务).
气候变化加剧了干扰的强度,增加了对重要生态系统服务的风险.
现有的评估方法往往无法充分捕捉干扰的生态和经济后果.

研究的目的:

开发一种灵活的,基于功能特征的方法来量化干扰制度的生态,生态系统服务和经济影响.
整合来自扰乱生态和生态系统服务估值的见解,解决孤立观点的局限性.
为在各种社会生态系统中不断加剧的干扰下,为评估对生态系统服务的风险提供一个框架.

主要方法:

开发了一种基于特征的方法,将干扰特征与生态反应和生态系统服务提供联系起来.
在中度森林中风暴对木材和娱乐的量化影响.
描绘了作物授粉,洪水减缓和珊瑚礁系统中的文化价值观的方法.

主要成果:

传统的生态指标 (组成和生物质稳定性) 不足以预测干扰对生态系统服务的影响.
根据历史和未来的干扰情景,预计木材和娱乐服务可能会遭受重大损失.
基于特征的方法提供了对干扰对生态系统服务的影响更全面的评估.

结论:

基于功能特征的框架对于准确评估加剧干扰对生态系统服务的影响至关重要.
这种方法凸显了传统生态指标在预测服务损失方面的不足.
该研究提供了工具和路线图,用于将这种评估方法应用于面临气候变化的各种社会生态系统.

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