改善尼日利亚关键人群的艾滋病毒预防:关于访问,障碍,耻辱和服务利用的见解
Godwin Omokhagbo Emmanuel1, Olaniyi Felix Sanni1, Abang Roger1
1Research and Development, Heartland Alliance Limited GTE, Abuja, Nigeria.
International journal of MCH and AIDS
|March 6, 2025
概括
在尼日利亚的关键人口中,艾滋病毒的流行率为10.8%. 虽然艾滋病毒自我检测的普及率很高,但耻辱和缺乏服务阻碍了获得PrEP等预防措施的机会.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 社会科学 社会科学 社会科学
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒和获得性免疫缺陷综合征 (HIV/AIDS) 仍然是一个关键的全球卫生问题.
- 关键人群 (KPs),包括女性性工作者 (FSWs),与男性发生性关系的男性 (MSM) 和注射毒品的人 (PWIDs),受到艾滋病毒/艾滋病的影响不成比例.
- 临床医生获得和愿意利用现有的艾滋病毒预防服务 (例如,暴露前预防 (PrEP),社区抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART)) 是一个重大问题.
研究的目的:
- 确定尼日利亚三个地方政府区 (LGA) 的KPs中艾滋病毒的流行率.
- 评估医疗专家是否愿意获得可用的艾滋病毒预防服务.
- 确定影响KP使用服务的因素.
主要方法:
- 2023年在尼日利亚卡诺州的Gwale,Fagge和Tarauni LGAs进行了一项横截面研究.
- 采用雪球采样,从妓院和夜总会招募了1320名参与者.
- 使用自测套件进行艾滋病毒检测,并通过结构化问卷评估获取服务的意愿. 数据分析涉及描述性统计和二进制物流回归.
主要成果:
- 在KP中,艾滋病毒的总流行率为10.8%,在MSM和PWID中观察到的比率高于FSW.
- 准备获得艾滋病毒预防服务的意愿为57.7%,受地理位置和性行为的影响.
- 艾滋病毒自我检测的吸收率高达95.9%,PrEP吸收率为68.0%. 关键的障碍包括耻辱,不充分的综合服务和对服务提供商的有限知识.
结论:
- 有针对性的干预措施对于解决尼日利亚KPs面临的具体障碍至关重要.
- 改善服务可访问性和减轻耻辱是减少艾滋病毒传播的关键.
- 这些努力对于到2030年在尼日利亚实现艾滋病毒流行病控制至关重要.
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