有氧或力量训练对认知能力下降的老年人的影响:Fit4Alz项目
Ana Filipa Silva1,2, Filipe Manuel Clemente1,2,3, Mafalda Sofia Roriz4,5
1Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, 4900-347Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
Journal of sports science & medicine
|March 6, 2025
概括
有氧和力量训练在认知能力下降的老年人中改善了身体表现,但没有增强认知功能. 需要进一步的研究来探索运动对认知的影响.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降是老年人群的一个重大问题.
- 身体活动越来越多地被认为具有影响认知健康的潜力.
- 不同的运动方式和认知训练对认知衰退的综合影响需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查有氧和力量训练的联合,有或没有认知训练,对减轻老年人认知能力下降的影响.
- 评估不同运动干预措施对身体表现和认知功能的影响.
主要方法:
- 154名认知能力下降的老年人 (蒙特利尔认知评估得分<26) 被分为四组:力量加认知训练 (STCT),力量训练 (ST),有氧训练 (AT) 和有氧加认知训练 (ATCT).
- 参与者接受了为期12周的干预,每周三次进行60分钟的培训.
- 使用高级健身测试评估身体表现,使用蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 评估认知功能.
主要成果:
- 在不同组的各种体力表现测量中观察到显著的改善,包括2分钟的步行,曲,椅子坐和伸手,背部划伤,8英尺的上升和6分钟的步行测试.
- 在整体认知功能 (MoCA分数) 或下肢力量 (椅子站) 中没有发现显著改善.
- 特定组显示差异性好处:AT提高了上肢力量超过STCT和ST;STCT提高了灵活性与ATCT相比;ATCT在有氧耐力方面表现出最大的改善与STCT和ST相比.
结论:
- 有氧和力量训练干预,有或没有认知训练,在认知能力下降的老年人中显著提高整体身体表现.
- 这些炼计划并没有对改善这一群体的认知功能产生显著影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明运动干预措施的具体机制和最佳策略,以影响衰老中的认知表现.
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