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医学课程和临床实践中的营养教育:对医学学生和医生知识缺陷的全面审查
1Kent and Medway Medical School, Canterbury, UK.
概括
医学学生和医生 (MSAD) 由于课程差距和临床挑战而缺乏营养知识. 解决方案包括课程改革和多学科培训,以改善患者护理和减少非传染性疾病 (NCD).
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCDs) 导致全球74%的死亡,通常与不良饮食有关.
- 医疗保健专业人员需要强大的营养知识,以有效打击非传染性疾病.
- 医学学生和医生 (MSAD) 之间存在营养知识和技能差距.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地审查英语国家对MSAD营养教育的文献.
- 确定MSAD中营养知识差距的原因.
- 探索拟议的解决方案来弥合这一知识差距.
主要方法:
- 在遵守PRISMA Scr指南的范围内进行范围审查.
- 在四个数据库 (PubMed,WebOfScience,Embase,ERIC) 和灰色文献 (2014-2024) 中进行了搜索.
- 对28项包括使用Braun和Clarke六步方法的研究进行了主题分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了营养知识缺口的四个主要原因:课程时间不足,信心低,耻辱和临床实践挑战.
- 提出了四种解决方案:课程变化,标准化指南,整合到临床实践中以及多学科方法.
- 从674个初始记录中分析了28篇论文.
结论:
- 在MSAD中营养知识的差距是复杂的,源于教育,感知和实际因素.
- 建议包括课程创新,标准化能力标准和将营养纳入临床实践.
- 实施这些解决方案可以提高患者的护理和促进全球更健康的饮食,减少NCD负担.
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