在6周强度域特定训练后,VO2max的变化:中心和外围适应的作用
Erin Calaine Inglis1, Letizia Rasica1, Danilo Iannetta1
1Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CANADA.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
|March 6, 2025
概括
高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 和高强度 (HVY2) 骑自行车显著提高最大氧气摄入量 (V̇O2max),主要是通过中心适应,而不是外围适应.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 心血管适应心血管适应
背景情况:
- 耐力运动训练引起了对表现至关重要的生理适应.
- 了解不同培训强度和模式的具体适应是优化培训计划的关键.
- 中央和外围的适应有不同的贡献,以改善最大氧气吸收 (V·O2max).
研究的目的:
- 描述中央和外围的生理适应与特定领域的耐力训练训练协议.
- 为了比较连续和间歇训练在各种强度领域对关键绩效指标的影响.
主要方法:
- 84名健康参与者被随机分为六组:中度 (MOD),较低的重量 (HVY1),较高的重量 (HVY2) 连续骑自行车,高强度间歇训练 (HIIT),冲刺间歇训练 (SIT) 和控制 (CON).
- 培训包括两个为期3周的阶段,每周有三次会议,除了SIT外,协议与工作相匹配.
- 测量包括最大氧气吸收 (V̇O2max),最大心脏输出 (Q̇max),动脉静脉氧气差 (a-vO2diff),血液体积 (BV),血体积 (PV) 和肌肉氧化能力 (τOxCap) 在训练前和训练后.
主要成果:
- 高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 诱导了VO2max的最大增加,明显超过大多数其他组.
- 在HVY1,HVY2,HIIT和SIT组中观察到最大心力输出 (Q̇max) 的显著增加.
- 上部重强度 (HVY2) 和HIIT协议导致血液体积 (BV) 和血体积 (PV) 显著增加.
结论:
- 更高的训练强度,特别是HVY2和HIIT,在V̇O2max中产生更大的改善,主要是由中央心血管适应驱动的.
- 在任何训练组中都没有观察到显著的外围适应 (肌肉氧化能力或a-vO2diff).
- 虽然中心适应在更高的强度下主导了VO2max的改善,但不应忽视外围因素的潜在贡献.
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