对符合性序列效应背后的复杂机制的元分析证据.
Yunji Lee1, Paul Verhaeghen1, Eliot Hazeltine2
1School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA.
Psychological research
|March 6, 2025
概括
一致性序列效应 (CSE) 是在不一致的试验后冲突的减少. 这一元分析表明,CSE机制既是局部又是全球性的,与基本一致性效应有所区别,突出了复杂的认知控制因素.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人类实验心理学 人类实验心理学
背景情况:
- 一致性序列效应 (CSE) 描述了冲突诱导任务中的一种现象,在此过程中,不一致的试验的影响在先前不一致的试验后减少.
- 现有研究表明,关于驱动CSE的精确认知机制的争论仍在进行中,需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 对过去31年 (1992-2023) 调查CSE的研究进行全面的元分析.
- 确定自上而下的与自下而上的机制在多大程度上有助于CSE.
- 区分影响CSE的本地特定任务和全球实验范围的控制机制.
主要方法:
- 从1992年到2023年发表的CSE研究的系统元分析.
- 在各种任务和实验过程中计算平均效应大小 (Hedges' g).
- 对CSE大小的分析与自下而上的混和任务结构 (任务内部与任务之间) 的存在有关.
主要成果:
- 无论自下而上的混杂情况如何,CSE都是显著的 (Hedges' g = 0.95),但当存在时更大 (Hedges' g = 1.28).
- CSE在任务内 (Hedges' g = 1.54) 和任务之间 (Hedges' g = 0.27) 均强,这表明它对本地和全球控制都有影响.
- 研究结果表明,一致性效应和CSE可能依赖于不同的控制机制,并且像头探头和侧边任务这样的任务有效地隔离了CSE机制.
结论:
- 分析提供了融合的证据,支持以前关于CSE的发现.
- 结果强调了因素的复杂相互作用,包括地方和全球控制机制,有助于CSE.
- 建议在未来的研究中使用特定的实验范式,以进一步阐明CSE.
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