在胃肠道癌症中进行多种癌症检测 (MCD) 测试:为早期诊断提供了一个不断发展的工具
Aditya K Ghosh1, Kyle R Stephens2, Prem A Kandiah3
1Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. ghosh.aditya@mayo.edu.
Current gastroenterology reports
|March 6, 2025
概括
多种癌症检测 (MCD) 测试提供了一种有希望的,非侵入性的查胃肠道癌症的方法. 虽然对一些人来说准确,但成本和缺乏FDA批准等挑战仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物标志物发现发现
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
背景情况:
- 胃肠道 (GI) 癌症查通常涉及具有有限敏感性的侵入性方法.
- 对于几种胃肠道恶性瘤,包括胰腺癌和肝癌,缺乏有效的查选择.
- 多种癌症检测 (MCD) 测试代表了癌症诊断的新方法.
研究的目的:
- 审查多种癌症检测 (MCD) 测试用于诊断胃肠道恶性瘤的好处和局限性.
- 评估MCD测试作为非侵入性查工具的潜力.
- 讨论目前在临床实践中实施MCD的挑战和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 对GI癌症多种癌症检测测试研究的文献综述.
- 对生物标志物检测方法的分析,包括无细胞DNA和RNA.
- 机器学习应用在癌症信号识别中的评估.
主要成果:
- MCD测试显示出作为非侵入性替代品的承诺,利用像无细胞DNA这样的生物标志物.
- 研究表明可行性和准确性,特别是在缺乏常规查的胃肠道癌症 (如胰腺,肝脏) 中.
- 挑战包括高成本,FDA批准的缺失,假阳性结果的可能性,以及减少死亡率的有限数据.
结论:
- MCD测试可以增强传统的查,特别是对于未经查的癌症,如胆管癌和胰腺癌.
- MCD不应该取代现有的适龄查,但可以补充它们.
- 进一步的研究对于确定临床效用,解决局限性和指导与患者共享决策至关重要.
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