通过非对称的流场流量分成法对利格宁纳米颗粒的高级表征
Nadine Kohlhuber1, Irina Sulaeva2, Tao Zou3
1Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
ChemSusChem
|March 6, 2025
概括
我们开发了一种使用非对称流域流量分化 (AF4) 的新方法,以准确地描述素纳米粒子 (LNPs). 该技术提供了详细的尺寸和形状信息,对于利用这些有价值的纳米材料至关重要.
科学领域:
- 纳米材料科学 科学 纳米材料科学
- 分析化学 分析化学
- 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
背景情况:
- 素纳米颗粒 (LNP) 具有独特的特性,如统一的形状和纳米尺寸,为技术性素增值提供了潜力.
- 准确地描述LNP粒子大小分布和分散性对于它们的成功应用至关重要.
- 传统的表征方法 (光散射,显微镜) 通常是复杂的,提供平均值,采样有限,需要大量的样本准备.
研究的目的:
- 引入和验证一种用于分析素纳米粒子大小和形状的新方法.
- 克服LNP传统表征技术的局限性.
- 为LNP提供增强的粒子大小分布和形状因子确定.
主要方法:
- 不对称的流场流量分成 (AF4) 与多角度激光光散射 (MALLS),动态光散射 (DLS) 和折射率 (RI) 检测相结合.
- 使用AF4.4根据LNP的大小和水力动力学特性进行分离.
- 同时检测散射光和折射率,用于全面的纳米粒子分析.
主要成果:
- AF4与MALLS,DLS和RI相结合,为LNP提供了增强的粒子大小分布.
- 获得的结果与批量DLS和原子力显微镜 (AFM) 测量结果相似.
- 该研究分析了粒子大小对MALLS和DLS信号的影响,并确定了LNP的形状因子 (ρ).
结论:
- 开发的基于AF4的方法提供了一种强大而高效的方法来表征素纳米粒子.
- 与传统方法相比,这种技术提供了更详细,更可靠的LNP大小和形状数据.
- 使用这种方法进行准确的表征有助于材料利用和技术金的价值化.
相关概念视频
01:10Poiseuille's Law and Reynolds Number
Any fluid in a horizontal tube can flow due to pressure differences—fluid flows from high to low pressure. The flow rate (Q) is the ratio of pressure difference and resistance through a horizontal tube. The greater the pressure difference, the higher the flow rate. The flow resistance is expressed as:
01:28Irrotational Flow
Irrotational flow is characterized by fluid motion where particles do not rotate around their axes, resulting in zero vorticity. For a flow to be irrotational, the curl of the velocity field must be zero. This imposes specific conditions on velocity gradients. For instance, to maintain zero rotation about the z-axis, the gradient condition:
01:23Plane Potential Flows
Plane potential flows simplify fluid motion by assuming the fluid to be irrotational and incompressible. These characteristics allow these flows to be described by a velocity potential function, ϕ, representing the flow speed in a given direction, and a stream function, ψ, that visualizes the flow path, both governed by Laplace's equation. These parameters help in estimating flow patterns, velocity distributions, and pressure fields around various hydraulic structures.
Uniform Flow
Uniform flow...
Uniform Flow
Uniform flow...
01:17Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates
Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
01:23Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes
Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
01:27Laminar Flow
Laminar flow represents a smooth, orderly fluid motion where particles move along parallel paths, resulting in minimal mixing between layers. Streamlined particle paths characterize this flow regime and occur under conditions where viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. The distinction between laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow is primarily determined by the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity calculated as: