剂量优化,以改善获得有效癌症药物的机会
Ian F Tannock1, Elisabeth G E de Vries2, Antonio Fojo3
1Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
The Lancet. Oncology
|March 6, 2025
概括
优化癌症药物剂量和时间表可以显著降低成本和毒性. 这一战略改善了获得拯救生命的治疗方法的机会,特别是在低收入国家,而不会影响患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 药物经济学 药物经济学
- 全球健康 全球健康
背景情况:
- 由于成本高昂,低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 获得必要的癌症药物是有限的.
- 经批准的癌症药物剂量和时间表往往超过低低收入国家/地区的负担能力,阻碍了获得拯救生命的治疗方法.
- 肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂是WHO基本药物清单 (EML) 上没有的重要药物的例子.
研究的目的:
- 探索降低癌症药物成本和改善LMICs中的获取策略.
- 调查优化已批准剂量方案和治疗计划的潜力.
- 为了证明减少强度的癌症治疗可以保持治疗效果,同时降低成本.
主要方法:
- 审查随机临床试验,剂量确定研究 (第一阶段和第二阶段) 和药理动力学/药理动力学研究的证据.
- 分析癌症药物的监管批准数据,包括剂量和时间表.
- 评估优化疗法对成本效益,毒性和患者结果的影响.
主要成果:
- 优化剂量和时间表可以实现与标准疗法相比几乎相当的治疗结果.
- 减少强度的治疗导致大幅降低价格和提高成本效益.
- 较低的剂量和较少的时间表可以降低毒性并提高患者的生活质量.
结论:
- 识别和实施优化癌症治疗方案对于改善全球获得基本药物的准入至关重要.
- 临床医生和政策制定者应优先考虑维持疗效的低强度治疗.
- 这种方法提高了可负担性,减少了副作用,并增加了生存益处,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
更多相关视频
15:04Potentiation of Anticancer Antibody Efficacy by Antineoplastic Drugs: Detection of Antibody-drug Synergism Using the Combination Index Equation
Published on: January 19, 2019
12.1K
09:19Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cancer Drug Sensitization In Vitro and In Vivo
Published on: February 6, 2015
8.3K
相关概念视频
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.8K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.8K
01:24Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose
3.8K
A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects.
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
3.8K
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.4K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.4K
01:01Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose
1.8K
Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
1.8K
02:49Cancer Therapies
7.5K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
7.5K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
457
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
457