剧烈的ENSO相关的西南大西洋生态系统转移
Simon A Morley1, Fabio Campanella2,3, Emma F Young4
1British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK. smor@bas.ac.uk.
Scientific reports
|March 6, 2025
概括
厄尔尼诺南部振荡 (ENSO) 事件对海洋生态系统产生影响. 与厄尔尼诺相比,西南大西洋的拉尼娜条件导致了更丰富的海鸟和鱼群落,并集中了大海生物质.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
- 气候变化影响气候变化的影响.
背景情况:
- 由于气候变化,厄尔尼诺南部振荡 (ENSO) 事件的频率和强度正在增加.
- 对于ENSO在西南大西洋的生态影响还不太清楚.
- 之前的研究表明,ENSO效应传播到西南大西洋.
研究的目的:
- 为了记录ENSO事件在西南大西洋的生态影响.
- 调查ENSO异常如何改变鱼生态系统结构和社区.
- 确定ENSO在海洋盆地传播的机制.
主要方法:
- 在西南大西洋从福克兰群岛到特里斯坦·达库尼哈进行了3600公里的横断调查.
- 在拉尼娜现象 (2018年3月) 和厄尔尼诺现象 (2019年3月) 期间进行了调查.
- 记录了海鸟和鱼群,海底生物质,风和海面温度异常.
主要成果:
- 拉尼诺现象的横断显示出比厄尔尼诺现象的横断更丰富和多种类的海鸟聚集.
- 在拉尼尼亚期间观察到更多的过食用海鸟和鱼物种.
- 在拉尼娜现象期间,海底生物质较浅,更集中的.
- 风和海面温度异常的变化与二变性ENSO指数 (BEST) 相对应,滞后1至3个月.
结论:
- 强风和近地表面海洋混合的增加被确定为ENSO在西南大西洋传播的机制.
- ENSO事件显著改变鱼生态系统结构和社区组成.
- 这项研究为ENSO在该地区的生态后果提供了新的见解.
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