使用社会生态框架来检查美国小学儿童的认知发展
Hyejoon Park1, Melinda McCormick1, Ju Hong Park2
1School of Social Work, Western Michigan University, 1903 W. Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, MI, 49008, USA.
BMC psychology
|March 6, 2025
概括
这项研究强调了学校社区质量和母亲的教育如何显著影响孩子的认知发展,包括口头和数学技能. 改善学校环境和提供家长教育是关键建议.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 小学儿童的认知发展受到各种因素的复杂相互作用的影响.
- 了解社会生态框架对于确定对认知结果的关键影响至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明,个人,家庭和社区因素在儿童发育中起作用.
研究的目的:
- 研究社会生态因素与小学儿童认知发育之间的关联.
- 确定影响儿童认知结果的最重要的因素,包括语言技能,阅读理解,数字跨度和数学能力.
- 为决策者和教育工作者提供基于证据的建议,以提高认知发展.
主要方法:
- 利用了美国第五波疫情数据. 脆弱家庭和儿童福利研究 (N=1,722).
- 采用多重回归分析来检查社会生态因素 (个人,家庭,学校/社区) 和认知措施之间的关系.
- 使用标准化测试评估认知发展:PPVT-III (口语技能),WJ-PC (阅读理解),数字跨度和WJ-AP (数学问题).
主要成果:
- 学校的社区与口头技巧,数学技能和阅读理解能力有显著的关联.
- 母亲的教育水平与口头技能,数字跨度和阅读理解有显著的关联.
- 发现儿童的种族/种族与口头技巧有关.
结论:
- 优先考虑学校质量和创造支持性的学习环境对于增强学生的认知发展至关重要.
- 父母教育对于教育程度较低的父母来说可能是有益的,以支持儿童的发展.
- 干预措施应解决可能阻碍认知进步的社会经济和环境障碍.
更多相关视频
11:29Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
Published on: June 20, 2020
9.0K
08:05Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
Published on: June 30, 2020
7.4K
相关概念视频
01:22Vygotsky's Cognitive Development in Cultural Context
32
Lev Vygotsky, a pioneering Russian psychologist, developed a theory of cognitive development that centers on the influence of social and cultural factors. Unlike Jean Piaget, who emphasized the child's direct interaction with the physical world as key to development, Vygotsky argued that cognitive growth is an interpersonal process that unfolds within a cultural context. For Vygotsky, a child's learning cannot be separated from their social environment, which includes the values,...
32
01:30Information Processing Approach
27
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
27
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
21
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
21
01:25Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood
60
Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the role of thinking in a child's learning process, suggesting that children are naturally curious about their environment. His approach to development is discontinuous, proposing that cognitive abilities progress through distinct stages, each with unique characteristics. Central to Piaget's theory is schemata—mental structures that allow individuals to understand and interpret the world.
Schemata: Building Blocks of...
Schemata: Building Blocks of...
60
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
38
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
38
01:21The Nativist Approach
33
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
33