听力损失儿童的言语延迟和听力康复差异
Lacey C Magee1, Malek Bouzaher1, Mihika Thapliyal2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
概括
拥有私人保险的儿童和双边听力损失 (HL) 的白人儿童接受了更多的听力康复,并且发言延迟较少. 这些发现凸显了儿科HL的护理差异.
科学领域:
- 儿科听力学 儿科听力学
- 医疗服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生公平性健康公平性
背景情况:
- 双边听力损失 (HL) 影响儿童的语言发育.
- 在儿童患者群体中,获得听力康复的机会各不相同.
- 种族和社会经济因素可能会影响医疗保健的获取和结果.
研究的目的:
- 检查种族和保险类型如何影响双边HL儿童的言语延迟率.
- 根据种族和保险,调查获得听力康复 (耳道植入物和助听器) 的差异.
主要方法:
- 使用儿科健康信息系统 (PHIS) 数据库进行回顾性横截面研究.
- 包括18422名患有双边HL的儿科患者,在美国52家三级医院接受治疗.
- 分析了人口统计数据,保险类型,耳植入物/助听器使用情况以及言语延迟诊断.
主要成果:
- 与公共保险患者相比,拥有私人保险的患者更有可能是白人,接受耳植入物 (CI) 或助听器 (HA),并且不太可能有言语延迟.
- 与非白人患者相比,白人患者更有可能接受CI / HA,并且不太可能出现言语延迟.
- 在对其他变量进行调整后,这些关联仍然存在.
结论:
- 基于种族和保险类型,双边HL儿童的听力康复和言语延迟率存在显著差异.
- 人口级数据揭示了需要政策干预的不平等现象.
- 解决这些差异对于确保所有患儿HL的儿童得到公平照顾至关重要.
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