无处方药治疗成人的失眠:随机对照试验的范围审查
Adriana Salame1, Silvy Mathew2, Cini Bhanu3
1Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Sleep medicine
|March 7, 2025
概括
非处方药 (OTC) 产品在治疗成年人失眠症状方面表现有前途,诸如香和黑激素之类的草药药物证明了其有效性和安全性. 需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现,并探索多样化的人口.
科学领域:
- 药理学和治疗学 药理学和治疗学
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 基于证据的实践.
背景情况:
- 失眠是一种普遍的疾病,带来了重大的个人和社会成本.
- 虽然有临床指导方针,但许多成年人使用非处方药 (OTC) 产品自我治疗失眠.
- 关于OTC失眠治疗的有效性和安全性的证据基础需要全面审查.
研究的目的:
- 对成年失眠的OTC产品进行随机对照试验 (RCT) 的范围审查.
- 与安慰剂相比,评估各种OTC干预措施的有效性和安全性.
- 识别当前研究环境中的差距.
主要方法:
- 在CENTRAL,MEDLINE,EMBASE,PsycINFO和AMED数据库中搜索到2022年12月19日.
- 包括评估成年人 (18-65岁) 失眠症状的OTC产品与安慰剂的RCT.
- 综合发现描述性地.
主要成果:
- 包括51个RCT,重点是草本制品 (34),食补充剂 (15) 和组合 (4).
- 大多数研究 (41) 报告了对失眠症状的积极影响;草和黑激素显示了大量证据.
- 轻微的,短暂的副作用是常见的;没有报告严重的不良事件. 一些组合显示出对处方药的承诺.
结论:
- 非处方药品为成年人失眠症状提供了有希望的,但不是最终的缓解.
- 未来的研究应该调查现实世界的产品使用,经济因素和多样化的人口,包括那些患有并发症和少数民族的人群.
- 加强研究对于OTC失眠管理的基于证据的临床指导至关重要.
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