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压力诱导的甲基荷兰胺释放的诺拉丁激素调节:FG7142和约因的对立影响
Vladimir Visocky1, Carleigh J Turner1, Matthew H Lowrie1
1Section on Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
概括
压力通过改变大脑中的甲基荷胺水平,影响决策. 这项研究揭示了压力和特定药物如何影响大脑关键区域的冒险行为和神经递质释放.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为药理学行为药理学
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
背景情况:
- 生活压力显著影响决策,特别是在风险下,可能导致不良结果.
- 压力会改变像底侧杏仁体 (BLA) 和核 (NAc) 这样的大脑区域中catecholamine的释放,但其与决策行为的直接联系尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 在大鼠中研究压力,甲醇胺调节和风险决策行为之间的关系.
- 探索上腺体α2A受体和GABAergic系统在压力诱导的决策偏差中的作用.
主要方法:
- 为老鼠开发了一个触摸屏操作任务,用于评估损失厌恶和寻求风险的行为.
- 使用的全身性药物:α2A受体激活剂 (guanfacine),对抗剂 (yohimbine) 和一种诱导压力的药物 (FG 7142).
- 在药物管理后的决策任务中,利用纤维光度测量来监测BLA中的北上腺素 (NE) 和NAc中的多巴胺 (DA).
主要成果:
- 单独约欣宾和关法辛都没有影响决策策略,但改变了动机;约欣宾降低了奖励灵敏度.
- 药理应激诱导 (FG 7142) 将决策转移到安全方面,这种偏见在与约欣宾结合时逆转为风险.
- FG 7142改变了BLA和NAc中的甲醇胺释放;约欣宾对NE和DA释放产生了相反的影响.
结论:
- 甲基荷胺对损失厌恶和在压力下做出决策至关重要.
- α2A-上腺素受体在参与压力和决策的脑结构的神经调节中发挥着关键作用.
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