葡萄糖通过酸路径保护培养的视网膜细胞免受氧化损伤
John P M Wood1, Glyn Chidlow1, Robert J Casson1
1Discipline of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Level 7 Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences Building, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia; South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Road, SA, 5000, Australia.
Free radical biology & medicine
|March 7, 2025
概括
葡萄糖通过酸通路 (PPP) 来保护视网膜细胞免受氧化应激. 这种对神经元的保护作用需要质细胞的存在,这表明在视网膜神经保护中细胞间的通信.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 氧化损伤是视网膜神经退行性疾病的关键因素.
- 保护视网膜细胞免受氧化应激是一种潜在的治疗策略.
研究的目的:
- 调查葡萄糖是否通过酸通路 (PPP) 可以保护视网膜细胞免受氧化损伤.
- 了解葡萄糖在逆转视网膜神经元和质细胞中氧化性细胞毒性的作用.
主要方法:
- 培养的老鼠视网膜神经元,细胞质和混合培养被使用t-丁氧化 (tbH) 进行氧化应激.
- 培养物被用葡萄糖治疗,并评估对细胞活力,活性氧物种 (ROS),谷氨和NADPH水平的影响.
- 特定的糖解抑制剂,PPP,囊摄取,谷氨酸生物合成和谷氨酸减少酶 (GR) 用于阐明机制.
主要成果:
- 在单种和混合培养中,葡萄糖保护质细胞免受氧化应激.
- 只有在混合培养中观察到葡萄糖对神经元的保护,这表明质细胞的作用.
- 葡萄糖阻止了ROS刺激和谷氨和NADPH的耗尽.
- 抑制PPP,囊吸收或GR降低了葡萄糖的保护作用.
结论:
- 葡萄糖为视网膜细胞提供氧化保护,主要通过酸通路 (PPP).
- 神经元需要质细胞的存在以获得葡萄糖介导的保护,这表明有传染性保护因子或相互作用.
- 这些发现强调了葡萄糖代谢和细胞相互作用在视网膜氧化应激防御中的重要性.
相关概念视频
01:21Glycolysis: Preparatory Phase
13.1K
In cellular metabolism (the complete breakdown of glucose to extract energy), glycolysis is the first step. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Glucose enters heterotrophic cells in two ways. One method is through secondary active transport, where the transport takes place against the glucose concentration gradient. The other mechanism uses a group of integral proteins called GLUT proteins, also known as glucose transporter proteins. These...
13.1K
00:56What is Glycolysis?
163.3K
Overview
Cells make energy by breaking down macromolecules. Cellular respiration is the biochemical process that converts "food energy" (from the chemical bonds of macromolecules) into chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The first step of this tightly regulated and intricate process is glycolysis. The word glycolysis originates from the Latin glyco (sugar) and lysis (breakdown). Glycolysis serves two main intracellular functions: generating ATP and generating...
Cells make energy by breaking down macromolecules. Cellular respiration is the biochemical process that converts "food energy" (from the chemical bonds of macromolecules) into chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The first step of this tightly regulated and intricate process is glycolysis. The word glycolysis originates from the Latin glyco (sugar) and lysis (breakdown). Glycolysis serves two main intracellular functions: generating ATP and generating...
163.3K
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
5.6K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
5.6K
01:02Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose
1.3K
Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
1.3K
01:20Energy-requiring Steps of Glycolysis
162.8K
Glucose is the source of nearly all energy used by organisms. The first step of converting glucose into usable energy is called glycolysis. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell over two phases: an energy-requiring phase and an energy-releasing phase. Over the first three steps, glucose is converted into different forms and attached to two phosphate groups donated by two ATP molecules, resulting in an unstable sugar. In the next two stages, the unstable sugar splits into two sugar...
162.8K