与有效性相关的干预因素,当针对患有 (发育) 语言障碍或患有 (发育) 语言障碍风险的儿童的口语理解时:元分析
Sirpa Tarvainen1,2, Pauline Frizelle3, Hanna Granroth-Wilding4
1Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
概括
针对感受性语言或补偿策略可以改善 (发育性) 语言障碍儿童的口语理解 - - D.LD.LD. 语言处理干预措施是不有效的. 年龄和干预内容是有效性的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音和语言病理学 语言病理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 对于患有 (发育性) 语言障碍-DLD的儿童,口头语言理解干预措施显示出可变的有效性.
- 导致这些干预措施成功或失败的具体因素尚不清楚.
- 对于干预有效性的年龄特异性差异知之甚少.
研究的目的:
- 进行元分析与改善18岁以下患有或患有 (D) LD风险的儿童口语理解效果相关的干预因素.
- 检查对年轻和年长儿童的干预措施之间的疗效和相关因素的差异.
- 确定有效的口语理解干预措施的关键组成部分.
主要方法:
- 系统范围审查确定了46项研究进行元分析.
- 干预因素被分类为内部 (例如,有针对性的技能) 或外部 (例如,环境).
- 通过统计分析,评估了干预因素与对口语理解的影响大小之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 针对语言技能,环境或补偿策略的干预措施是有效的.
- 专注于语言处理 (例如,听觉处理) 的干预措施没有显著的有效性.
- 仅仅针对受ceptive语言就产生了更大的效果大小,而不是针对受ceptive和expressive语言.
结论:
- 干预措施应侧重于语言技能,环境或补偿策略,而不是语言处理.
- 优先考虑接收性语言目标可能会提高以理解为重点的干预措施的有效性.
- 干预内容和孩子的年龄至关重要;质量方面超过干预时间.
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