一个肥胖的FTO等位基因导致人类骨肌细胞的加速发育,生长和胰岛素抵抗
Lu Guang1,2,3, Shilin Ma1,2,3, Ziyue Yao1,2,3
1Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction, State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature communications
|March 7, 2025
概括
FTO基因变异rs9939609-A通过过度刺激胰岛素/IGF信号,加速肌肉衰老和胰岛素抵抗. 这一发现有助于解释FTO变体与瘦身和肥胖之间的矛盾联系.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和分子生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 代谢研究研究 代谢研究
背景情况:
- 人类全基因组协会研究 (GWAS) 表明FTO基因多态和瘦体质之间存在相关性,鉴于瘦体质与肥胖和代谢障碍的逆关系,这一发现似乎与直觉相反.
- 在FTO变种和瘦肉质之间存在关联的精确分子机制在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 在人类组织模型中研究FTO rs9939609-A等位基因的功能作用,特别是在发育过程中.
- 阐明FTO变种影响肌肉发育,衰老和代谢信号的机制.
主要方法:
- 利用CRISPR基因编辑引入FTO rs9939609-A等位基因到人类胚胎干细胞 (hESC) 衍生组织模型中.
- 分析了编辑的FTO等位基因对肌肉原始细胞增殖,分化和衰老的影响.
- 研究了涉及胰岛素/IGF信号传递,FTO表达,m6A脱甲基化,H19 lncRNA和IGF2 mRNA的分子通路.
主要成果:
- FTO rs9939609-A等位基因显著影响人类肌肉前体细胞,加速它们的发育和代谢衰老.
- 这种等位基因导致胰岛素/IGF信号过度刺激,通过肌肉特异性增强剂增加H3K27ac,FTO表达升高,以及H19 lncRNA和IGF2 mRNA的m6A脱甲基化.
- 由FTO rs9939609-A介导的过度胰岛素/IGF信号传递有助于胰岛素抵抗,特别是在复制性衰老或高脂肪饮食暴露的情况下.
结论:
- 已识别的FTO-m6A-H19/IGF2调节电路为矛盾的GWAS发现提供了一个潜在的解释,该发现将FTO rs9939609-A与瘦身和肥胖相关联.
- 克里斯普-hESC-组织平台是解剖复杂的人类代谢途径和解决遗传关联难题的宝贵工具.
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