相关实验视频

Updated: May 23, 2025

Analyzing Gene Expression from Marine Microbial Communities using Environmental Transcriptomics

Analyzing Gene Expression from Marine Microbial Communities using Environmental Transcriptomics

Published on: February 18, 2009

海洋与陆地:环境与Copia retrotransposon在元动物中的多样性之间的联系

Khouloud Klai¹, Sarah Farhat², Laure Lamothe¹

¹Sorbonne Université, CNRS, ECOPHY, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Roscoff, UMR7144 AD2M, 29680, France.

|March 7, 2025

概括

LTR-逆转移子,特别是Copia元素,在元动物中表现出多样化的分布. 环境因素显著影响Copia的丰富性和多样性,在海洋和陆地种群中观察到不同的模式.

科学领域:

基因组学就是基因组学.
进化生物学进化生物学
生物信息学是一种生物信息学.

背景情况:

LTR-逆转移子是真核生物中基因组进化的关键驱动因素.
与其他超级家族相比,Copia超级家族,一种LTR-逆转移子类型,在元动物中明显少于丰富和多样化.
了解基因组进化过程中的Copia动态对于理解基因组进化至关重要.

研究的目的:

进行首次大规模调查Copia LTR-retrotransposon元素在元动物中的多样性和分布.
分析Copia元素的丰富性和基因组分布,这些元素分布在广泛的元动物种群中.
识别新型的Copia clades并探索影响它们进化轨迹的潜在因素.

主要方法:

在263个元动物基因组中识别了2300多个Copia元素的生物信息分析.
使用其RT/RNaseH域,在分类层对Copia序列进行注释.
在海洋和陆地种群中对Copia的丰富性和多样性的比较分析.

主要成果:

副本元素在甲基动物中通常很少,但在不同种类中表现出大量的变化,像Squamata这样的显著例外.
陆地Deuterostomia显示Copia多样性的减少,一些种类缺乏这些元素.
在环境 (海洋与陆地) 和Copia分布之间发现了强烈的相关性,这表明生态环境会影响它们的动态,可能是通过水平转移.

结论:

这项研究显著提高了对可转移元素进化的理解,特别是对元动物中的Copia元素的理解.
生态环境和共同的环境条件在塑造LTR-逆转移体的基因组多样性方面发挥着关键作用.
克莱德级注释对于准确地描述Copia元素的进化动态至关重要.

关键词:

克莱德·克莱德是什么意思复制-反复转载复制-反复转载环境环境环境环境甲基动物 (Metazoans) 是一种类型.

更多相关视频

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Published on: April 23, 2016

Individual Culturing of Tigriopus Copepods and Quantitative Analysis of Their Mate-guarding Behavior

Individual Culturing of Tigriopus Copepods and Quantitative Analysis of Their Mate-guarding Behavior

Published on: September 26, 2018

相关概念视频

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...

Retroviruses

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory Sequences

Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...