俄俄州的社会贫困指数和儿童行人与汽车碰撞
Katherine C Bergus1, Josh Bricker1, Lindsey Asti2
1Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
Pediatrics
|March 9, 2025
概括
在社会贫困程度较高的地区和城市环境中的儿童面临着行人与汽车碰撞的风险增加. 针对性干预对于改善弱势社区儿童安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 预防儿童伤害的预防.
- 公共卫生研究 公共卫生研究
- 交通安全流行病学
背景情况:
- 社会贫困指数 (SDI) 衡量了不利情况;较高的SDI表明更大的贫困.
- 以前的研究将成人行人与汽车 (PVA) 的碰撞与贫困联系在一起.
- 使用州级数据的儿科PVA碰撞和SDI之间的关联以前没有被检查过.
研究的目的:
- 调查俄俄州儿科PVA碰撞发生率和SDI之间的关系.
- 检查城市化对儿科PVA碰撞率的影响.
- 测试小儿PVA碰撞发生率因SDI和城市化而有所不同的假设.
主要方法:
- 来自俄俄州交通部的儿科PVA碰撞数据 (2012-2023) 被地理定位为邮政编码.
- 社会贫困指数 (SDI) 和人口估计 (0-17岁) 在邮政编码层面被合并.
- 威尔科克森等级总和测试和零膨胀负二项式回归分析了碰撞发生率和没有碰撞的几率,考虑到城市化.
主要成果:
- 在1188个邮政编码中,共有5521起儿科PVA碰撞发生.
- 与中度SDI相比,在SDI非常高/高的邮政编码中,PVA碰撞的发生率明显高于中度SDI,在中度SDI中,与低/非常低的SDI相比,PVA碰撞的发生率明显高.
- 每个单位增加的SDI与邮政编码无碰撞的几率下降2%相关;农村邮政编码的无碰撞几率是城市邮政编码的6.5倍.
结论:
- 居住在城市邮政编码和SDI较高地区的儿童不成比例地容易受到PVA碰撞.
- 研究结果强调需要有针对性的干预措施,以减轻贫困地区和城市地区的儿科PVA碰撞.
- 未来的步骤包括开发针对高风险人群的交通镇静和安全教育计划.
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